Alcohol
When did Prohibition occur in the U.S. and how long did it last?
1920-1933
Cannabis was used for medicinal purposes in China in what year?
2700 BCE
Which hallucinogen has the shortest acting effects?
Salvia
What is the most common acute physiological effect of cannabis use?
Bloodshot eyes
How many states have legalized cannabis in some form?
38
a person must consume increasing quantities of alcohol in order to maintain their BAC
Some people argue that cannabis users can develop physical dependence symptoms. These proposed symptoms are:
Sleep disturbance, nausea, irritability, and restlessness following cessation
How many subgroups of hallucinogens do we discuss in class? How are substances sorted into each of these groups?
5 subgroups; based on mechanisms of action and effects
List three things that impact alcohol absorption speed.
Eating
Speed of drinking
Type of drink
Carbonation
Time drinking
If someone drives while high on cannabis, they are ___% more likely to get into a car accident.
25%
At a BAC of .07%, a person would have a ___x higher risk of getting into a car accident.
11.1x
During Prohibition, major cities developed _________ as places where individuals could go and smoke together.
tea pad
LSD is an example of a _______________, while MDMA is an example of a __________________.
Serotonergic hallucinogen; Methylated amphetamine
How long can metabolites of cannabis stay in your system for and be detected in your urine?
up to 42 days
Give two examples of a standard drink.
5 fl oz wine
1.5 fl oz distilled spirits, brandy/cognac
12 fl oz beer
8-10 fl oz hard seltzer
2-3 fl oz cordial/liqueur
3-4 fl oz fortified wine
Describe the three liver diseases associated with alcohol use.
Fatty liver - build up of fat in the liver; reversible with abstinence
Alcohol hepatitis - Inflammation and death of liver cells; reversible with abstinence
Cirrhosis - Cell death and formation of scar tissue; toxins accumulate
Reports from 1894-2017 generally reached the same consensus about cannabis, stating what?
Cannabis use not particularly harmful
No evidence of aggression, violence, or belligerence as consequences
Recommended approval of smoking cannabis for treating certain medical disorders
An individual using ________ can tell you about their trip while they are experiencing it, but will have little to no recollection of it afterwards.
Atropine and scopolamine
The _________ subtype of serotonin receptors are thought to be important for visual hallucinations.
5-HT2A
Which schedule are each of the following substances classified in?
Ketamine
Mexxy
PCP
Sch. III
Sch. I
Sch. II
At a BAC of 0.10%, a person could expect to:
have decreased reaction time and stagger/sway
List three medical uses for cannabis use with conclusive or substantial evidence
Chronic pain
nausea and vomiting
multiple sclerosis spasticity symptoms
List and describe how two hallucinogens are being using medically currently.
Ketamine - depression
MDMA - PTSD
A unique effect of the methylated amphetamines is that they enhance _______________ and decreased _______________.
Enhance emotional and empathetic responses in social situations
Decreased effect of social rejection
Which substance must be combined with an MAOI? Why?
DMT; DMT is broken down too quickly on its own (unable to feel effects) MAOI inhibit those digestive enzymes