epidemiology
1. study of occurrence and distribution of health-related events
2. describe the occurrence of a disease in terms of person, place, and time
3. investigation of causes and associations
1. Epidemiology
2. Descriptive
3. Analytic
You need ________ to achieve ________.
Equity
Equality
1. geographic location (distance from miles)
2. population more than 99/square miles
1. rural
2. urban
1. situation where a person or group of people do not have enough to obtain basic needs for living.
1. poverty
change social conditions
multiple demands on people
economic conditions
social institutions
factors in a community that support or minimize violence
Parts to the epidemiological triad of factors
agent
host
environment
socioeconomic status , education
health determinants
lack of health care providers and services
no transportation
language barrier
limited education
ARE ALL FORMS OF .........
barriers to the delivery of care
SNAP:
CHIP:
WIC:
supplemental nutritional assistance program
children's health insurance program
women, children, and infants
forms of elder abuse
physical, financial, sexual assault, neglect/abandonment
1. long term patterns of morbidity or mortality rates
2. occurrence can be graphed by week/month that show a season pattern
3. cluster- affected people but no relation to time
1. Secular Trends
2. Cyclical Patterns
3. Analytic
greater risk for poor health and access to care
vulnerability
effective model for delivering services to the vulnerable
-flexibility
-professional-community partnership
-problem-oriented approach
-community involvement
community-oriented primary health care
prohibited discrimination based on race, religion, or nationality when selling or renting.
helped decrease poverty from 22.2 % to 12.6%
Fair Housing Act of 1968
"physical attacks on another person"
greatest risk for violence
youth are at higher risk
women are more likely to be victims by relatives
assault
consistency or repeatability are components of......
trust positives and true negatives are ........
Reliability
sensitivity and specificity validity
could see it as "bad luck" or "fate"
internal and external validity
1. individuals (knowledge, attitudes)
2. interpersonal (families, friends)
3. organizational (organization, social institutions)
4. community (relationships b/w organizations)
5. public policy (national, state, local laws)
Social Ecological Model (SEM)
Cortisol
Nor-epinephrin
Adreniline
Cytokines
Toxic Stress components
1. types of abuse
2. leading cause of death in women....
1. workplace violence, religious violence, educational violence, media violence
2. homicide "intentional death"
1. assess the probability of higher-risk groups to improve the ability to make comparisons.
2. 2 or more tests with final results as all positives or all negatives
1. rate
2. surveillance (series testing)
factors contributing to vulnerable populations
marginalizations
disenfranchisement
wrap-around
comprehensive
1. pre-existing conditions can not be turned down by health care insurers
2. used by pregnant women, children, older adults, and those with conditions
3. 65 and older with pre-existing and new conditions
1. Affordable Cares Act
2. Medicaid
3. Medicare
mental health, alcohol, diabetes, medication adherence, infectuous diseases, environmental exposure
Impacts on population especially related to health
when is one at MOST RISK for homicide....
When they decide to leave the abusive situation