Energy
Reduction is exergonic or endergonic?
Endergonic (gains energy)
What molecule is the output of glycolysis?
Pyruvate
Which molecule is regenerated during Citric Acid Cycle
Oxaloacetate
What type of energy is solar energy?
Solar energy = kinetic energy
Glucose= stored potential energy
What happens in a catabolic reaction?
a larger molecule is broken down into smaller molecules
If a reaction has a negative ΔG it is…
Give an example of a reaction with a negative ΔG
- Exergonic
- Spontaneous
- Ex. Cellular Respiration
What is the name of the enzyme involved in glycolysis?
What molecule is produced in the Citric Acid Cycle when Acetyl reacts with Oxaloacetate?
Citrate
What reactions are involved in the photosynthesis?
Light-capturing reaction (oxidation) & Calvin Cycle (reduction)
What is the enzyme between complex 3 and complex 4 of the ETC?
Cytochrome C
If a molecule are a reducing agent, what does that mean?
- Molecule is getting oxidized
- Molecule is losing electron
What process releases 2 molecules of CO2 per glucose process?
Pyruvate Processing
What molecule is produced in highest abundance in Krebs Cycle?
NADH
What type of metabolic process(es) do plants do?
How many ATP are generated in pyruvate processing?
0
What is the difference between an allosteric inhibitor and a competitive inhibitor?
Allosteric Inhibitor: binds to a site on the enzyme that is not the active site, changes enzyme shape
Competitive inhibitor: directly competes with the substrate for the enzyme's active site, prevents the substrate from binding
What is the enzyme involved in pyruvate processing?
Pyruvate dehydrogenase
At what complex does O2 become H2O?
Is O2 reduced or oxidized?
Complex 4
What is the equation for photosynthesis?
6CO2 + 6H2O + light energy -> C6H12O6 + 6O2
ATP Synthase pumps H+ ions from ____ to ______ to produce ATP
Intermembrane Space to Mitochondrial Matrix
What does it mean about the reactants and products if a reaction has a +ΔG?
The products have a greater amount of free energy that the reactants
Gproducts - Greactants = +ΔG
How is ATP formed during glycolysis?
Substrate-level phosphorylation
Redox Reaction
Which molecule is reduced in photosynthesis?
Carbon dioxide
it gains electrons and is transformed into a sugar molecule like glucose.
- H2O is oxidized into O2
What type of macromolecule is Coenzyme Q?
A lipid (fat-soluble), a carbon-ring with isoprene attached