Stereochemistry I
If a molecule has clockwise rotation, what letter would we use to designate the chiral center?
What is R?
If a molecule has counter-clockwise rotation, what letter would we use to designate the chiral center?
What is S?
A charged nucleophile has a ________ charge.
What is negative?
What makes a better leaving group? Fluorine or Bromine?
Bromine
What has a larger atomic radius, Iodine or Bromine?
Iodine.
In the chair conformation of 1,2-dimethylcyclohexane. Both groups are up but one is axial and one is equatorial. Is this molecule cis or trans?
What is Cis?
When drawing a fisher projection are all of the horizontal substituents on wedges or dashes?
What is Wedges?
T/F: In a polar aprotic solvent, Fluorine becomes a strong nucleophile
What is True?
Which of the substitution reactions is 1 step?
Sn2
What is more stable Bromine Anion or Cl Anion? And why?
Bromine Anion is more stable because it has lower charge density, meaning it can spread its electrons more easily across its larger surface.
What is more stable, a molecule with the cis configuration or the trans configuration?
Trans
What do you do if you are designating a molecule as R or S and the atoms you are looking at has hydrogen on a wedge?
You flip the answer.
Strong nucleophile = SN_
Weak nucleophile = SN_
What is Sn2 and Sn1 (respectively)?
What is the intermediate formed in Sn1 reactions?
Carbocation
Give me an example of a stereocenter that is not a chiral center.
Cis/trans alkenes
T/F: A compound that contains a chiral center will always be chiral
What is false?
What is a meso compound?
An achiral compound containing chiral centers. Another way of saying this could be a compound with chiral centers containing an internal mirror plane.
What is the term for all bond-breaking and bond-making happening in one step in Sn2 reactions?
Concerted
What makes a good leaving group?
A weak (stable) base.
Does making bonds release or require energy?
Releases energy
What is the relationship of (2R)-2-Chlorobutane and (2S)-2-Chlorobutane
What is enantiomers?
What is the purpose of a polarimeter? How does it work? What does it look like? What type of compounds does it work on?
What is a polarimeter sends plane-polarized light through a metal tube to measure concentration, purity, and stereochemistry of an optically active substance
What is the name of the reaction when the nucleophile is also the solvent?
What is Solvolysis?
ISOBUTYL BROMINE is primary, secondary, or tertiary?
What is primary?
Does breaking bonds release or require energy?
Requires Energy