Fungi
Algae
Plants
Life Cycles
Random
100
What is the ploidy of fungi?
Haploid = they only have 1 copy of each chromosome in the nucleus
100
What type of algae utilizes passive fertilization?
Red Algae = there are no flagellated stages
100
What is the term for the underground stem?
Rhizome
100
What process produces gametes for plants?
Mitosis
100
What are the 4 specific characteristics of fungi?
Chitin, Hyphae, Regular Septa, and Complex Multicellular Fruiting Bodies
200
What process produces hyphae?
Mitosis = the single cell cannot undergo meiosis so it undergoes mitosis and produces long thin strands of cells
200
What is a derived characteristic that is found in chlorophytes and acts as a catalytic enzyme?
Peroxisome
200
What type of plant would utilize hydroids and leptoids?
Bryophytes = these conducting tissues are needed in bryophytes that are bigger
200
What 2 parts of the adult sporophyte with flowers would be labeled (male and female) in the life cycle of angiosperms?
Male = Anther and Female = Carpal
200
What are the 4 reasons from lecture to move out of water?
Limited Mineral Resources (fungi came onto land first and helped the weathering process and moved/released minerals), Life More Abundant Near the Shore (rich in nitrates and minerals), Light (attenuation is greater in water than in air), CO2 (more available in the terrestrial ecosystem)
300
What part of the fungi absorbs digested food?
Hyphae
300
What structure is only found in the clade streptophyta and is utilized during cytokinesis?
Phragmoplast = structure that separates the cell wall that forms during cytokinesis (remember: charophyceans and embryophytes are both in the clade streptophyta)
300
What are the 2 advantages to leaves on a plant?
Increase surface area for photosynthesis and spore formation
300
What stage comes after karyogamy in the fungal life cycle?
Zygote (2n)
300
What are the 3 major groups of basidiomycetes?
Smuts, Rusts, and Toadstool Groups
400
What general type hyphae lacks septa?
Coenocytic = these have multiple nuclei in it but it is still haploid (septate hyphae have cross walls/septa dividing the hyphae into a cell like unit)
400
What type of environment do charophyceans tend to live in
Shallow Waters = this puts them at risk for dessication
400
The ploidy of the seed is _____ the young embryo is _______ and the endosperm is _________.
Seed (2n), Young Embryo (2n), and Endosperm (3n)
400
Where in the plant does fertilization take place in the bryophyte life cycle?
Within the Archegoium 
400
List the 3 reasons from lecture for why seeds are better than spores.
Multicellular, Contain a Food Supply, and the Seed Coat Surrounds/Protects the Seed
500
List any 3 of the 5 groups of fungi from lecture.
Chytrids, Zygomycetes, Glomeromycetes, Basidiomycetes, and Ascomycetes
500
What 2 clades from lecture contain algae?

Viridiplante (includes charophyceans and chlorophytes) and Streptophyta (contains charophyceans)


500
In the evolution of the ovule the ____________ is formed and the _________ is modified.
The Integument is formed and the Apex is modified
500
Draw the asexual life cycle of fungi including ploidy.
Mycelium (n) --> Spores (n) --> Germination --> back to Mycelium (n)
500

What are all 5 challenges to life on land?

Dessication, Gas Exchange, Support From Gravity, Conduction, and Reproduction without Water

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