Random Questions
What are the clinical manifestations of a PE?
sudden onset of dyspnea
sharp, stabbing chest pain
apprehension, restlessness, feeling of impending doom
cough
hemoptysis
What do we want to monitor for patients receiving diuretics and ACE/ARBs?
renal function - BUN/Cr
what type of test do we monitor symptoms while VS, ECG, having the patient walk on a treadmill until a target HR is reached?
Exercise stress test
what diagnostic test uses magnetic fields to evaluate cardiac muscle and/or coronary artery blood flow with contrast?
cardiac MRI/contrast-enhanced MRI
What do statins reduce?
Reduce LDLs
What is the nursing care for a PE? (managing hypoxemia)
oxygen therapy
high-fowlers positioning
frequent respiratory assessment
VS
minimize anxiety
initiating pharmacologic therapy
What HTN medication may be first choice for African-Americans or older adults?
Calcium channel blockers
what type of test do we monitor VS, ECG, symptoms whiles using medication to increase workload of the heart?
Pharmacologic stress test
What gives varying views of the heart, can pinpoint occurrence and location of ischemia or necrosis, and is done within 10 minutes of presenting with chest pain?
EKG
What do fibric acid drugs reduce?
Reduce triglycerides
What is the BP for a hypertensive crisis?
180/120
What 2 medications only effect BP, NOT HR?
ACE/ARBs
what diagnostic test do we use medications to stress the heart while examining ultrasound waves to look at heart valves?
stress echocardiography
What lab measures signs of muscle damage and is drawn at time of presentation with chest pain. Usually assessed every 3-6 hours.
Troponin
What does niacin do?
Reduces LDL, raises HDL, reduces triglycerides
What medication do we use for a hypertensive crisis?
Hydralazine (direct acting vasodilator)
What type of angina is predictable, has fixed atherosclerosis, relieved with rest or nitro, may slightly limit physical activity and has the 4 E's?
Chronic stable angina
what diagnostics test do we use radioactive tracers to view cardiac abnormalities in myocardial blood flow
nuclear medicine studies
What is cardiac catherization?
diagnostic tool to figure out if there are blockages & how to treat
What does the drug ezetimibe do?
reduces LDLs
What is a patient at risk for that is receiving furosemide and given too fast?
What type of angina occurs with rest OR exertion, has more sever activity limitations, poorly relieved, less responsive to acute medication and may have some EKG changes?
Unstable angina (Acute Coronary Syndrome)
what diagnostic test is noninvasive option to evaluate calcium formation in coronary arteries?
cardiac CT/cardiac CT angiogram
What are some maintenance drugs after ACS?
aspiring
clopidogrel (with ACS/stent only)
beta blockers
statins
ACE/ARBs
Calcium channel blockers (more for chronic stable angina)
What does omega-3 reduce?
reduces triglycerides