Microbiology and Stool Studies
This stain is used to rapidly identify Mycobacterium tuberculosis.
What is an Acid Fast Stain?
What is Light's Criteria
Electrolyte abnormality caused by an excess of total body water in comparison to that of the total body sodium content
What is hyponatremia?
Any substance that damages health or destroys life when absorbed, inhaled or ingested
What is a poison?
The normal value for protein on the urine dipstick
This “cruise ship” virus is the most common cause of adult diarrhea in the world
What is norovirus?
These issues/disease processes can be checked for in synovial fluid
What are gout and infection?
Cause of BUN elevation without creatinine elevation?
What is high protein intake, fever, medications or upper GI bleed?
This term refers to the dose that will kill half the people who ingest it
What is the median lethal dose (LD50)?
These urinary casts are the most common and can be associated with CKD and pyelonephritis
What are hyaline casts?
What are the 4 pathogens identified on a routine stool culture?
What are shigella, salmonella, E.coli and campylobacter?
The appearance of turbid or cloudy peritoneal fluid is 98% sensitive for diagnosing this condition
What is spontaneous bacterial peritonitis (SBP)?
Problem with ADH function which leads to water loss, hypernatremia and decreased urine osmolality.
What is Diabetes Insipidus?
Condition associated with overdose of selective serotonin re-uptake inhibitors
This syndrome is defined by a significant loss of protein in the urine and the patient will have hypoalbuminemia, hyperalbuminuria, and hyperlipidemia
This culture is useful in identifying atypical infections in immunocompromised patients.
What is a fungal culture?
This source of infection should be at the top of your differential when your patient has a pleural effusion with eosinophilia
What is parasitic infection?
Large values of this indicate concentrated urine.
What is urine osmolality?
This substance is primarily eliminated by the kidneys and a toxic overdose can cause renal failure requiring hemodialysis
This is the most common type of renal stone
What is calcium oxalate?
These two tests can help differentiate between inflammatory diarrhea from functional diarrhea
What are fecal calprotectin and fecal lactoferrin?
This term indicates that pleural fluid is accumulating due to an increase in hydrostatic pressure
What is transudative?
The features that MUST be present for diagnosis of SIADH
What is
Hyponatremia
Low plasma osmolality
Elevated urine osmolality > plasma osmolality
Urine [Na+] somewhat elevated despite normal salt intake
Euvolemia
This special blood test is used to evaluate patients with toxic exposure to organophosphates
What is RBC acetylcholine-esterase activity?