Meiosis
What is the result of meiosis?
Crossing over takes place between two chromosomes that are _________
Homologous
If two genes are closer together, they have a (higher/lower) recombination frequency
Lower
Chromatin fibers condense into this structure in preparation for Cell Reproduction
Chromosomes
On an mRNA molecule, what codon would be complementary to the DNA sequence: ATG
ATG -> UAC
In relation to chromosomes, a germ cell is...
(Haploid or diploid)
Diploid
A testcross can help determine the genotype of a parent by crossing them with a ________ individual
Homozygous recessive
All genetic variation originates from what mechanism?
Random mutation
Which DNA strand utilizes the enzymes Ligase and Primase more?
Lagging strand
This nucleic acid carries a genetic transcript to a ribosome
mRNA
Sister chromatids are pulled apart during which stage?
Anaphase II
Chromosomes can align completely independent of one another during which cell cycle phase?
Metaphase
The risk of aneuploidy in a developing fetus is mostly related to what factor?
Age of the mother
Helicase "unzips" a DNA molecule by breaking the...
Hydrogen bonds
The addition of a 5' cap and poly-A tail occur when during protein synthesis?
(before/after which stage?)
Post-transcriptional/ Pre-translational
Which meiosis division turns the cell from diploid into haploid?
Reductional division (separates homologous chromosomes)
Which cell cycle stage can nondisjunction take place?
Anaphase
Unlinked genes recombine mainly through which mechanism?
Independent assortment
The bond that joins the phosphate group of a nucleotide to the sugar of another nucleotide is called...
Phosphodiester
The bond that connects a string of amino acids together is called...
Peptide
Which mechanisms of genetic diveristy occurs outside of Meiosis?
Random fertilization
How many genetically unique gametes can an individual with the genotype AAbbCcDd
4 gametes; (AbCD, Abcd, AbCd, AbcD)
The Eye Color is precisely 146bp away from the Hair Color gene on a chromosome. Which type of map is most likely being used?
Linkage
This enzyme adds nucleotide sequences, that would NOT create a functional protein if transcribed, to the ends of a DNA molecule
Telomerase
Where does transcription take place?
Nucleus of eukaryote