Key Terms
This term means returning to the community after prison.
What is reentry?
Skipping school and breaking curfew are examples of this.
What are status offenses?
This part of the brain controls decision-making and develops later.
What is the prefrontal cortex?
This barrier makes it hard to get hired due to a criminal record.
What is employment stigma?
This term describes the cycle of leaving prison and returning.
What is the revolving door of prison?
This occurs when someone reoffends after being released.
What is recidivism?
A crime like burglary committed by a juvenile is this type of offense.
What is a delinquent act?
This explains why teens take more risks: an imbalance between these two systems.
What are emotional and cognitive control systems?
Not having this can lead to homelessness and parole violations.
What is housing?
This philosophy means the state acts as a parent for juveniles.
What is parens patriae?
This is early release from prison with supervision.
What is parole?
This is the key difference: status offenses are based on this factor.
What is age?
Risky behavior increases in this situation due to brain development.
What is being around peers?
Court fees, restitution, and child support fall under this barrier.
What are financial obligations?
This type of offender commits crimes only during adolescence.
What is an adolescent-limited offender?
This happens when someone violates parole/probation and is sent back.
What is revocation?
Treating curfew violations like theft would blur this important distinction.
What is the difference between status and delinquent offenses?
This stage of life is when crime rates are at their lowest for adolescent-limited offenders.
What is childhood?
Lack of access to this can worsen chronic illness after release.
What is healthcare?
This type starts early and continues into adulthood.
What is a life-course persistent offender?
This is supervision instead of prison, often ordered by a judge.
What is probation?
A teen commits underage drinking and theft. This describes the classification.
What is one status offense and one delinquent act?
This developmental period marks the highest peak in criminal behavior according to the age-crime curve.
What is adolescence (or the teenage years)?
When barriers “stack” and make reentry harder.
What is the compounding effect?
Focusing only on punishment instead of support will likely lead to this outcome.
What is continued recidivism?