Muscle Structure and Function
this blocks myosin-binding sites on actin in a relaxed muscle (moves when Ca^2+ binds to troponin, allowing contraction)
tropomyosin
this type of muscle has the highest ability to regenerate
smooth
What are the prime movers?
(hint: one helps with arm abduction, one helps with thigh flexion)
deltoid, iliopsoas
What is the bundle of muscle fibers surrounded by perimysium called?
fascicle
ability to respond to a stimulus
excitability
this binds calcium (Ca^2+) and shifts tropomyosin
troponin
this type of muscle has limited regeneration
skeletal
What are the breathing muscles?
(hint: helps with primary muscle for inhalation, assist inhalation, forced exhalation)
diaphragm, external intercostals, internal intercostals + abdominal muscles
What surrounds individual muscle fibers?
endomysium
ability to shorten and generate force
contractility
sarcoplasmic reticulum
this type of muscle has very poor regeneration
cardiac
True or False: the general rule is that muscles cross posterior to a joint usually produce flexion
False: cross "anterior"
This fiber arrangement produces greater force
pennate
ability to be stretched
extensibility
The sarcomere is the functional unit of what (defined by Z lines)?
True or False: most skeletal muscles contain a mixture of fiber types (slow oxidative, fast oxidative, fast glycolytic).
True
What is the term for sustained muscle, low-level contraction at rest?
muscle tone
This fiber arrangement allows greater range of motion
parallel
ability to return to original shape
elasticity
What stores oxygen in muscle cells?
myoglobin
What are the 3 types of fibers?
_____ oxidative --> endurance
fast _______ --> intermediate
_____glycolytic --> powerful, fatigue quickly
slow oxidative, fast oxidative, fast glycolytic
What is the term for decrease in muscle size due to disuse or immobilization?
atrophy
this fiber arrangement has a broad origin and single insertion
convergent
Name the 4 muscle properties
excitability, contractility, extensibility, elasticity