Vocabulary
Pieces of a Saint's body that work miracles and are the destinations of pilgrimages.
What are relics?
This city was the destination of the main pilgrimage route in Western Europe, though the Pyrenees, along the northern coast of Spain.
What is "Santiago de Compostela"?
The Palatine Chapel built by Charlemagne was a medieval "copy" of this early Christian basilica.
What is "San Vitale"?
The invasion of England by the Normans took place in this year.
What is "1066"?
This architectural feature links the thinning walls of a Gothic cathedral with its exterior support system.
What is a "flying buttress"?
This term originally described "barbaric" architecture, or architecture of the barbarians.
What is Gothic?
This city was the location where Charlemagne built his Palatine Chapel (either French or German name is fine).
What is "Aix-la-Chapelle" (fr.) or "Aachen" (gr.)?
This pilgrimage church was dedicated to a young female saint, whose reliquary is a statue of her enthroned, covered in gold and gemstones.
Who is "St. Foy"?
The First Crusade lasted these five years.
What is "1095-1099"?
This type of building material links newly built Romanesque buildings in England with their imperial Roman past.
What are "reused / spoliator Roman bricks"?
This term describes the art and architecture of Charlemagne.
What is "Carolingian"?
This city held a major cloth market in the Middle Ages.
What is "Chartres"?
This church uses Frame and Fill construction; interestingly, it also has its original bronze doors and two transepts.
What is the "Abbey Church of St. Milchael's in Hildesheim"?
What is the "12th and 13th centuries," or what is "1150-1250"?
This type of window at Chartres Cathedral links the royal dynasties of France and Spain with the kings of the Old Testament.
This term refers to the walkable second story level in a cathedral or basilica.
What is "gallery level"?
This city was where the first church in England was built by St. Augustine.
What is "Canterbury"?
This church is unique in that it has two aisles that run along the perimeter of the church and uses quadrant vaults: it's dedicated to an early Christian bishop.
What is "St. Sernin, Toulouse"?
This royal gothic chapel was built relatively quickly over this six-year span following the Fourth Crusade to house the relics its patrons had acquired from Byzantium.
What is "1243-1248"?
This type of pier in the interior of a church links the lower stories with the upper arches, vaults and gallery levels.
What is "a compound pier"?
This refers to the cluster of spaces at the east end of a pilgrimage church, and includes the ambulatory, choir, and apsidal chapels.
What is a "chevet"?
Odo of Metz built an oratory here for Theodulf, the Bishop of Orleans.
What is "St. Germigny des Près"?
This church's redecoration was inspired by the writings of Dionysios the Areopagite on light and the divinity of God.
What is "St. Denis, Paris"?
The Lombard tempietto, the earliest surviving church in the region, dates to this century.
What is the "mid-eighth century"?
This type of book contains designs that links to the metaphors and illustrations seen in the early Gothic windows of St. Denis.
What is a(n) "French illuminated manuscript"?