Moving Muscles
Ch 16
Ch 16
The 10-20% of muscle fibers that help maintain muscle tension.
What are intrafusal muscle fibers?
What is the major symptom of spinal shock?
What is hypotonia?
In this loop, the internal segment of the Globus pallidus is excited.
What is the direct loop?
The smallest cerebellar lobe
What is the flocconodular lobe?
The reflex activated when you experience nociception
Flexion-crossed extension
What are fast fatigable, fast fatigue-resistant, and slow?
Stimulating this area of the brain in monkeys has show discrete, species-typical movements on the contralateral side of the body
What is the primary motor cortex?
The neurotransmitter released from medium spiny neurons.
What is GABA?
Layer of the cerebellar cortex that contains granule cell axons.
What is the molecular layer? (Contains parallel fibers)
What is the globus pallidus?
The cranial nerves that innervate eye muscles
What are III oculomotor and IV trochlear?
The tracts from M1.
What are the corticospinal and corticobular tracts?
What is the substantia nigra?
The 4 deep cerebellar nuclei from medial to lateral
What are fastigial, globos, emboliform, and dentate nuclei?
This neurotransmitter excites our muscles.
Acetylcholide (ACh)
The location of a LMN pool for the trapezius.
What is medial ventral horn of cervical spinal cord?
The tract that innervates the deltoids
What is the lateral vestibulospinal tract?
This disease is marked by diminished indirect loop activity.
What is Huntington's disease?
Damage to this functional module leads to nystagmus or eye drift.
What is the vestibulocerebellum?
Dopamine leads to excitation due to accumulation of this molecule.
What is cyclic-AMP (cAMP)?
The types of neurons involved in the Golgi Tendon Organ reflex
What are group 1b afferent, local circuit (1b inhibitory interneuron), and alpha motor neuron?
The medial vestibulospinal tract controls muscles in this region (2).
What is the neck flexors and axial muscles?
The resting/default state of the inputs to the thalamic nuclei.
What is tonic inhibition from globus pallidus?
The inhibitory cells of the cerebellar cortex.
Damage to this area/region/cell types leads to limp paralysis and arreflexia.
What are the lower motor neurons?