MARBLING
A plasma lipoprotein with a single-layer membrane that transports TAGs in the blood
What is a chylomicron?
An enzyme precursor that gets cleaved to form the active enzyme, normally secreted into the stomach or small intestine
What is a zymogen?
This negatively charged amino acid reacts with citrulline to form argininosuccinate within the urea cycle
What is aspartate?
Thymine to DNA is what ___ is to RNA
What is Uracil?
Malonyl-CoA, as an intermediate of fatty acid synthesis, can function as an inhibitor of this main enzyme involved in beta-oxidation
What is carnitine acyltransferase-1?
Rank fat transport molecules from largest to smallest radius
What is Chylomicron > VLDL > IDL > LDL > HDL?
A conditionally essential aromatic amino acid containing a hydroxyl group, dietarily important if phenylalanine is not consumed
What is tyrosine?
This kind of enzyme uses ATP to form nucleoside diphosphates
What is a nucleoside monophosphate kinase?
The amino acid that originates the bridging C=C, as well as a nitrogen, in purines
What is glycine?
This molecule functions as an allosteric activator for CPS-I, but does not get consumed within the urea cycle
What is N-acetylglutamate? (or NAG)
The molecules produced from beta-oxidation of nonadecanoic acid, a 19-carbon fatty acid
What are 8 acetyl-CoA and 1 propionyl-CoA?
The amino acid component of MSG, an umami flavoring originally thought to be a carcinogen but turns out it's just yummy
What is glutamate?
This enzyme converts orotate to orotidylate by catalyzing an N1 attack on PRPP
What is orotate phosphoribosyltransferase?
If AMP production is amped up and skips a step, then GMP production is grounded and this is the step not skipped (intermediate between IMP and GMP)
What is XMP? (or Xanthylate)
This enzyme is marked to be degraded by oxysterols, a byproduct of cholesterol synthesis when rates are high
What is HMG-CoA reductase?
A process that occurs in the cytosol, similarly to ketogenesis in the mitochondria
What is cholesterol synthesis?
A nonessential amino acid that can be converted directly into glucose if muscles need it, via the Cahill cycle
What is alanine?
This alpha-ketoacid can be transaminated to form glutamate
What is alpha-ketoglutarate? (or a-KG)
What is succinyl-CoA
Big proteolysis guy? You're sure to love this complex, where four molecules are appended to a protein to signal for degradation?
What is the ubiquitin-proteasome complex?
The component of fatty acid synthase where dehydration occurs, step 3 of FA synthesis
What is DH? (or dehydratase)
The most basic ketone body, produced when you're starving and need to start burning non-carbs
What is acetyl-CoA?
A 15-carbon intermediate of cholesterol synthesis, immediately preceding the formation of squalene
What is farnesyl pyrophosphate?
Take ammonium and CO2 with #1, you get Carbamoyl Phosphate. What do you need with #2 to get the same?
What are glutamine and CO2?
What is the maximum amount of absences you can have from SI sessions WITHOUT being removed from the program?
What is 3?