Digestive system
What muscular tube moves food from the pharynx to the stomach?
Esophagus
What type of bone is the femur classified as?
Long bone
Which type of muscle is voluntary and attached to bones?
Skeletal muscle
What type of muscle helps move food through the esophagus?
Smooth muscle
What organ completes most digestion and absorbs most nutrients?
Small intestine
What type of joint allows the greatest range of movement?
Ball and socket joint
Which muscle tissue is found only in the heart?
Cardiac muscle
What structure connects muscle to bone?
Tendon
What substance produced by the liver emulsifies fats?
Bile
What cells are responsible for breaking down bone tissue?
Osteoclasts
What is the difference between red and white skeletal muscle fibers?
Red fibers resist fatigue; white fibers generally produce faster, more powerful contractions
What structure connects one bone to another bone?
Ligament
What stomach cells produce HCl, and what enzyme begins protein digestion?
Parietal cells and pepsin
What is the difference between compact and spongy bone?
Compact bone is dense; spongy bone is porous and contains trabeculae
Which muscle type is nonstriated and moves food through the digestive tract?
Smooth muscle
Why are skeletal muscles and bones both necessary for body movement?
Muscles generate pulling forces, and bones act as levers
What enzyme in saliva begins the digestion of starch?
Salivary amylase
What are the two main divisions of the human skeleton?
Axial and appendicular skeleton
What are the three types of muscle tissue?
Skeletal, cardiac and smooth
What is the difference between a bolus and chyme
Bolus is chewed food mixed with saliva; chyme is food mixed with gastric juices