Civil Liberties
Define civil liberties
Limits on government that allow individuals to exercise their personal freedoms
What promise of equality does the 14th amendment make?
Equal protection under the laws or due process of law
The Civil Rights Act
What is unilateralism?
A nation acting alone/of its own accord/without the help of other nations
Agenda Setting
What clause says that government may not interfere in religious practice?
the free exercise clause
At first, the Bill of Rights only protected citizens from what level of government?
National or Federal
Proposed amendment to the Constitution to ensure women's due process
ERA, or Equal Rights Amendment
What is the U.S.'s largest single government program?
Social Security
The way an issue is defined or framed often impacts what next step in the process?
Policy formation; which policy responses the government will consider implementing
What position has free speech traditionally held amongst all civil liberties?
a preferred one
Term for extending protections from the Bill of Rights to the state governments, one at a time
Selective incorporation
In the 1800's, how did the Supreme Court define Native American tribes?
Domestic, dependent nations
What is the term for selling and buying goods from other countries without tariffs?
Free Trade
Top-down and Bottom-up delivery describe routes taken for what step in the policy making process?
Implementation/the 4th step
A legal test often used to judge violations of the establishment clause
the Lemon test
1965 Supreme Court case that was one of the first to draw on a right to privacy
Griswold v Connecticut
Term to describe mass incarceration, particularly as it affects black Americans
The New Jim Crow
Name the two categories used in federal budgeting each year
Entitlement and Discretionary
When does the policy making process end?
It never truly does; cyclical in nature
What are at least three of the four amendments in the Bill of Rights that deal with rights of the accused?
Fourth, Fifth, Sixth, and Eighth
Term for the "shadows of the amendments" where the court found a right to privacy
Penumbras
Name the piece of legislation that won rights for those with disabilities?
the Americans with Disabilities Act of 1990
What are the three goals of U.S. foreign policy, as identified in the textbook?
National security, Primacy/Economic success, and Spreading American ideals
The fifth step in the policy making process
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