Fung Facts
With this plant organ, mycorrhizal fungi share a mutualistic relationship.
What are the roots?
The type of aquatic plant that was the likely precursor to modern land plants.
What is green algae?
A cell with two sets of chromosomes is considered to be ____.
What is diploid?
Pigments protect photosynthetic structures from this these harmful rays.
What are UV rays?
Water potential _______ correlates with solute concentration.
What is negatively?
Kingdom that fungi are most closely related to
What is the animal kingdom?
Charophytes are the sister taxa to Embryophytes, or ____ plants.
What are land/terrestrial plants?
Gamete fusion occurs during this stage in the plant life cycle.
What is fertilization?
DAILY DOUBLE!
The root cap protects this structure, where undifferentiated cells divide and facilitate growth.
What is the apical meristem?
This category of fungi undergo both sexual and asexual reproduction (i.e. via sexual spores and meiosis)
What are perfect fungi?
Bryophytes, some of the earliest land plants to emerge, lacked vascular tissues and used ______ ______ to transport water and nutrients instead.
What is capillary action?
A type of cell division that results in increased genetic variation
What is meiosis?
The waxy outer epidermis of leaves, stems, and fruits that protects the tissue from harm.
What is the cuticle?
Microscopic channels through cell walls that allow for transport between cells
What are plasmodesmata?
This type of cell has two distinct haploid nuclei (n+n)
What is a dikaryotic cell?
Plants in this clade produce flowers and fruits.
The two alternating stages of the plant reproductive cycle
What are the gametophyte (n) and sporophyte (2n) stages?
This type of symbiotic relationship favors one organism and has a neutral impact on the other (e.g. orchids growing on trees reap a benefit, but don't affect the tree)
DAILY DOUBLE!
Primarily occurring in plant leaves, this process creates negative pressure in xylem tubes, resulting in water moving upwards against gravity.
Stage of the fungi life cycle where two haploid nuclei fuse to form a diploid nuclei.
Karyogamy
Evidence of early land plants were fossilized _____.
What are spores?
The reproductive stage that is dominant in vascular plants and results in spore formation.
What is the sporophyte stage?
A type of structure/material that integrates multiple different materials to obtain greater functionality (e.g. a matrix of cellulose and lignin in wood)
What is a composite structure?
At homeostasis, soil has a net negative charge. This ion, released by root cells, neutralizes the soil and displaces cations for the plant to absorb.
What is the H+ ion?