Pituitary & Thyroid
After a transsphenoidal hypophysectomy, which finding should be reported immediately?
Clear nasal drainage
Addison’s disease results from deficiency of which hormones?
Cortisol, aldosterone, and androgens.
Which insulin should be administered 15 minutes before meals?
Lispro (Humalog).
Thalassemia major primarily affects which body function?
Hemoglobin synthesis.
A client with leukemia has WBC 1,000/mm³. What should the nurse do?
Implement neutropenic precautions.
Which hormone deficiency causes secondary hypothyroidism?
TSH deficiency
During Addisonian crisis, the nurse should first:
Administer IV hydrocortisone and fluids.
A diabetic client becomes shaky and diaphoretic. The nurse should first:
Give 15 g of simple carbohydrates (juice or glucose tablets)
The main purpose of chelation therapy in thalassemia is to:
Remove excess iron from the body.
What is the main goal of hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT) in leukemia treatment?
To replace diseased or damaged bone marrow with healthy stem cells that produce normal blood cells.
A client with Graves’ disease has exophthalmos. What nursing action helps reduce discomfort?
Elevate the head of the bed
During times of illness or stress, a client with Addison’s disease should do what with their prescribed corticosteroid dose?
Increase the steroid dose.
What fasting blood glucose level is used to diagnose diabetes mellitus?
A fasting blood glucose level of 126 mg/dL or higher.
Which factor is deficient in Hemophilia A?
Factor VIII.
What is the primary purpose of radiation therapy in cancer treatment?
To destroy cancer cells by damaging their DNA and preventing further cell division.
Which assessment takes priority post-thyroidectomy?
Monitor for stridor or hoarseness
Cushing syndrome causes which characteristic physical change?
Moon face and truncal obesity.
What laboratory test result indicates that a client with diabetes mellitus has poor long-term blood glucose control?
An elevated hemoglobin A1C (HbA1C) level.
A client with von Willebrand disease should avoid which medication?
Aspirin or NSAIDs.
The goal of a hematopoietic stem cell transplant is to:
Replace diseased bone marrow with healthy donor cells.
A client’s calcium level is 7.0 mg/dL after thyroid surgery. Which sign confirms hypocalcemia?
Positive Trousseau’s sign
Which electrolyte pattern is expected in Cushing’s syndrome?
↑ Sodium, ↓ Potassium.
Which teaching should be included for diabetic foot care?
Inspect feet daily and avoid walking barefoot.
Which symptom requires priority intervention in a client with thrombocytopenia?
New onset confusion and headache.
Which nursing action is most important during chemotherapy?
Use PPE when handling body fluids.