Chapter 10: Endocrine
What are the 3 P's of DM?
Polydipsia, polyuria, polyphagia
spinal cord and brain.
Name the condition.
Lateral deviation of the spine.
Scoliosis.
A patient has progressive memory loss, confusion, and personality changes.
👉 What condition is this?
A. Parkinson’s Disease
B. Alzheimer’s Disease
C. Stroke (CVA)
D. Meningitis
B
NAME THE FRACTURE:
Fracture straight across the bone shaft
Transverse
These are the two most serious acute complications of diabetes, with one commonly seen in Type 1 and the other in Type 2.
Which one for type 1 and which for type 2?
Type 1: DKA
Type 2: HHS
1. What vitamin deficiency is associated with spina bifida?
2. What are the THREE different types of spina bifida.
+200 points if you describe each type
1. folic acid.
2. spina bifida occulta: mildest, most common.
meningoele: the meninges protrude through the vertebral opening
myelomeningocele: spinal canal remains open along several vertebrae in the lower or middle back.
MENINGES, SPINAL CORD
List 2 manifestations of osteoporosis.
-osteopenia
-bone pain/tenderness
-fractures with little or no trauma
-low back/neck pain
-height reduction
-kyphsosis
A patient is diagnosed with a condition characterized by:
👉 What condition is this?
A. Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus
B. Cushing Syndrome
C. Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus
D. Addison’s Disease
C
Increased hunger
1. What is hypothyroidism
2. List FOUR manifestations of hypothyroidism.
+300 points if you list the primary cause of hypothyroidism
1. thyroid doesn't produce enough thyroid hormones
high TSH low t3/t4.
2. weight gain, cold intolerance, fatigue, dry skin, muscle weakness, bradycardia, hypotension, goiter
BONUS: hashimoto's thyroiditis.
Name THREE manifestations of meningitis.
fever chills, mental status changes (confusion and lethargy), n/v, photophobia, severe headache, stiff neck, agitation, tachypnea, tachycardia.
DAILY DOUBLE !!!
What are the alternative names for osteoarthritis?
HINT: there are 2.
-wear and tear arthritis
-degenerative joint disease
A patient has joint pain that worsens with activity and improves with rest. Imaging shows cartilage breakdown.
👉 What condition is this?
A. Rheumatoid Arthritis
B. Osteoporosis
C. Osteoarthritis
D. Gout
C
THREE PART QUESTION
1. What are the two major types of CVA?
2. Which one is most common?
2. Which one is the deadliest?
1. Ischemic and hemorrhagic
2. Ischemic
3. Hemorrhagic
1. What is addison's disease?
2. list THREE manifestations of addison's disease.
1. deficiency of adrenal cortex hormones (glucocorticoids, mineralcorticoids, and androgens)
2. hypotension, hypoglycemia, hyperkalemia, n/a, salt craving, weight loss, chronic diarrhea, pallor, hyperpigmentation, anorexia, slow sluggish movement, mood changes and depression, mouth lesions
NAME THE DIFFERENT DISORDERS.
1. Memory loss + confusion + personality changes
2. dopamine → tremor, rigidity, shuffling gait
1. Alzheimer’s disease
2. Parkinson's disease
1. What is gout?
2. List FOUR risk factors of gout.
1. Inflammatory disease resulting from deposits of uric acid crystals.
2. obesity, hypertension, DM, renal disease, sickle cell anemia, consuming alcohol, diuretics, diet rich in meat and seafood
Which findings are expected in Parkinson’s disease?
Select all that apply:
A. Tremor
B. Rigidity
C. Shuffling gait
D. Hyperactivity
E. Slow movement (bradykinesia)
F. High dopamine levels
Correct: A, B, C, E
NAME THE FRACTURE:
Characterized by multiple fracture lines and bone piexes
Comminuted
1. What is cushings syndrome?
2. List FIVE manifestations of cushings syndrome.
1. clinical abnormalities caused by chronic high levels of glucocorticoids.
2. moon face, buffalo hump, hirsutism, dyslipidemia, hypokalemia, muscle weakness, hyperpigmentation, acne, purple striae, delayed wound healing,
NAME THE SEIZURE
1. stiffening of muscles without rhythmic jerking
2. loss of muscle tone
1. TONIC SEIZURES
2. ATONIC SEIZURES
1. What is rheumatoid arthritis?
2. List FOUR manifestations of rheumatoid arthritis?
1. systemic autoimmune condition involving multiple joints.
2. morning stiffness lasting longer than 1 hour, anorexia, fatigue, bilateral joint pain, limited ROM, anemia, lymphadenopathy, malaise, muscle spasms, warmth, tenderness, and stiffness in joints when ont use for as little as 1 hour.
👉 Which findings support the MOST likely diagnosis?
Select all that apply:
A. Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus
B. DKA
C. HHS
D. Extreme hyperglycemia
E. Ketone production
F. Neurological changes
Correct: A, C, D, F
TWO PART QUESTION
1. What the most severe form of hyperthyroidism called?
2. What is thyroid storm characterized by?
1. thyroid storm
2. fever, decreased mental awareness, abdominal pain.