Ch 11
What is the definition and an example of a monohybrid cross?
inheritance of one characteristic Pp x Pp
When does DNA replication occur?
during S phase of interphase
Genetic information of eukaryotic cells is transferred from the nucleus to the cytoplasm in the form of __________.
RNA
4 TYPES OF TISSUE?
nervous connective epithelial muscle
Other names of regulator and conformer?
homeotherm and polikiotherm
If green is dominant (G) and brown is recessive (g), if two heterozygous parents mated what would their phenotype be? Portion of of offspring that are brown? Portion that are green? Draw a key.
Both parents are green. 25% brown and 75% green.
Two purines and two pyrimidines?
A, G and C, T
Transcription takes place in ______ in a eukaryotic cell.
Transcribe the following:
DNA 3'CTGTACTGATCGACCCCCATAATGAAAATC 5'
NUCLEUS
MRNA 5' GACAUGACUAGCUGGGGGUAUUACUUUUAG 3'
What is interstitial fluid?
fills spaces between cells
Adaptations for thermoregulation?
insulation, circulatory, cooling through evaporative, behavioral response, adjusting metabolic heat production
If birds exhibit several types of feather colors: Green Ig Ig or Ig i red Ir Ir or Iri blue ii or green/red IrIg What is the explanation and what is the resulting phenotypic ration when red/green mates blue?
Codominance. 1 green: 1 red
How do we know which end is the 5' end? And what is the structure of DNA?
The phosphate group hanging off. It is antiparallel and double stranded.
At one point, as a cell carried out its day-to-day activities, the nucleotides GAT were paired with the nucleotides CUA. This pairing occurred __________.
TRANSCRIPTION
2 control systems and differences?
Endocrine - hormones throught the blood. ductless glands.
Nervous - determined by pathway. Nerve impulses. Neurons and glial cells.
Thermoregulation in mammals is controlled by what region of the brain?
hypothalamus.
If dad has homozygous A blood and mom has AB blood, what blood type could their offspring be?
A or AB
During DNA replication what allows the structure to remain semiconservative?
Both strands act as a template
One strand of a DNA molecule has the following sequence: 3'-AGTACAAACTATCCACCGTC-5'. In order for transcription to occur in that strand, there would have to be a specific recognition sequence, called a(n) __________, to the left of the DNA sequence indicated.
promoter
Examples of connective tissue?
adipose - fat
Blood - cells and plasma
Cartilage - strong and flexible
Fibrous -tendons
ligaments
Bone - skeleton
What is basal metabolic rate?
metabolic rate of nongrowing endotherm at rest, empty stomach, no stress at rest
If mom and dad have kids, mom is a carrier for color blind and dad had a mom that was colorblind. What would the possibility be for colorblind children?
50%
The role of DNA polymerase is
attach free nucleotide to the new DNA strand
During translation in a eukaryotic cell _________.
Translate :
MRNA 5' GACAUGACUAGCUGGGGGUAUUACUUUUAG 3'
polypeptides (proteins) are synthesized at ribosomes in the cytoplasm -instructions carried by mRNA
tRNA 3' UACUGAUCGACCCCCAUAAUGAAAAUC 5'
Types of muscle tissue?
skeletal - striated voluntary movement
smooth - involuntary
cardiac - contract heart
What is torpor and what are examples?
a physiological state where activity and metabolism decreases
e.g. hibernation and estivation