Application
spinal nerve innervation pattern C5
motor: deltoid, elbow flexors
sensory: skin covering lateral aspect of the shoulder and arm
reflex: biceps
Contents and borders of quadrangular space.
Contents: axillary nerve, posterior humeral circumflex artery
borders: humerus, teres major, teres minor and long head of triceps
1: internal thoracic, vertebral, thyrocervical trunk (inferior thyroid, suprascapular, transverse cervical)
2: costocervical trunk (supreme intercostal and deep cervical)
3: dorsal scapular (not always off the third section)
where does the musculocutaneous descend? when does it become only sensory?
descends deep to biceps and brachialis
distal and lateral to biceps tendon it becomes lateral antebrachial cutaneous nerve which supplies the skin of the lateral forearm
deep radial nerve
spinal nerve innervation pattern C6
motor: biceps, wrist extensors
sensory: skin covering lateral aspect of the forearm, thumb and index finger
reflex: brachioradialis
contents and borders of triceps hiatus.
contents: deep brachial artery and radial nerve can only be seen through but do not go through
borders: teres major, humerus and long head of triceps
The axillary artery has three sections. What are they and where do they begin?
1: 1st rib to pectoralis minor
- superior thoracic artery
2: deep to pectoralis minor
-lateral thoracic artery
-thoracoacromial trunk (CAPD)
3: pectoralis minor to inferior border of teres major
-anterior and posterior humeral circumflex arteries
-subscapular artery
radial nerve: how does it get to the anterior forearm compartment? what is it between?
pierces lateral intermuscular septum to enter anterior compartment and descends between brachialis and brachioradialis
This nerve runs between the two heads of pronator teres.
median nerve
spinal nerve innervation pattern C7
motor: triceps, wrist flexors and finger extensors
sensory: middle finger
reflex: triceps
cubital fossa borders and contents
borders: imaginary line between epicondyles, lateral border of pronator teres, medial border of brachioradialis, floor is brachialis and supinator roof is deep fascia
contents: biceps brachii tendon, brachial artery and vein, parts of median nerve and radial nerve
Arteries relative to the breast and where do they come from
lateral thoracic artery from axillary artery
internal thoracic artery from subclavian artery
what runs in the neurovascular bundle?
ulnar nerve, median nerve, brachial artery and vein
This nerve runs through the carpal tunnel.
median nerve
spinal nerve innervation pattern C8
motor: finger flexors, intrinsic mm of hand
sensory: ring and little fingers and medial forearm
reflex: none
carpal tunnel contents and borders
contents: flexor digitorum superficialis (4), flexor digitorum profundus (4), flexor pollicis longus and median nerve
radial artery branches into the superficial radial artery and deep palmar arterial arch.
ulnar artery branches into superficial and deep arteries. the deep dives into the hypothenar compartment and the superficial meets with the superficial radial artery to create the superficial palmar arterial arch
how does the ulnar nerve get to the posterior compartment? how does it descend in the forearm?
in distal arm, it enters posterior compartment by medial intermuscular septum (posterior to medial epicondyle where it descends deep to FCU)
descends in forearm deep to FCU and enters hand lateral to pisiform and medial to hook of hamate
This muscle is pierced by the musculocutaneous nerve.
coracobrachialis
spinal nerve innervation pattern T1
motor: intrinsic mm of hand
sensory: skin over medial elbow
reflex: none
axilla borders and contents
anterior: pec minor and major
posterior: scapula, subscapularis, teres major and latissimus dorsi
medial: 1-4 ribs, intercostal and serratus anterior
lateral: intertubercle groove of humerus
apex: first rib. clavicle and superior portio on subscapularis
base: skin and axillary fascia
contents: axillary a/v, lymph nodes and branches of brachial plexus
ulnar superior and inferior collateral arteries supply the arm which are branches from the brachial artery
ulnar posterior and anterior recurrent arteries supply the elbow which are branches from the ulnar artery
where does the median nerve run in the arm, and forearm?
inclines laterally into cubital fossa, medial to brachial artery and passes between the two heads of pronator teres. main trunk passes deep to proximal border of FDS and descends between FDS and FDP and into the wrist between the tendons of FCR and palmaris longus
The radial nerve runs with the __ artery through the radial groove.
deep brachial artery