Vertebral column
The vertebral Column has 4 natural curves in the __ plane
Sagittal
When testing digit abduction what muscle are we testing?
Dorsal interossei
When measuring opposition of the thumb. What unit do we measure with?
Centimeters
The thoracic column consists of how many vertebra ?
The main two skills used in a posture assessment are:
1. Observation
2.palpation
Which two spinal curvatures are kyphosis curves?
Thoracic and sacral
when testing MCP, DIP, and PIP flexion, what position will the patients forearm be in?
Supination
What are the normal ranges for radial and ulnar deviation?
Radial deviation 0-20 degrees
Ulnar deviation 0-30 degrees
The intervertebral discs are made up of what two structures?
1. Annulus fibrosis
2. Nucleus pulposus -mostly water
The major inflow vessel to the forearm and hand is the _____
Brachial artery
Which vertbrae is the “axis” and part of the craniovertebral joint ?
C2
An individual who has fall ROM; against gravity; with moderate pressure would receive what grade?
4
The normal ranges for wrist flexion and extension are?
Flexion: 0-80 degrees
Extension: 0- 70 degrees
The posterior and anterior longitudinal ligaments prevent hyper extension and resist hyper flexion. Are they a part of the anterior or posterior vertebral joints?
Anterior
When eating with fork, the thumb, middle, and index finger are all involved. What type of precision grip is this an example of?
3 jaw chuck/tripod
The orientation of a facet joint determines which movements are restricted and which are facilitated. What movements are facilitated (allowed) in the cervical facet joints?
All- Flexion; extension; lateral flexion; rotation
What tool do we use to measure precision grips
Pinchmeters (dynometer is for power grips)
In thumb radial abduction the axis is placed over which bone?
The trapezium
Nutation occurs when the pelvis tilts in which direction?
Posteriorly (sacrum goes anterior and inferior)
The ulnar artery is ______ (larger/smaller) than the radial artery and supplies the ______ (superficial/ deep) palmar arch.
Larger; superficial
In the thoracic spine the facet joints are oriented in which plane?
Frontal (same with cervical)
For PIP flexion you are testing the ____ and for DIP flexion you are testing ____ (which muscles?)
PIP- FDS
DIP-FDP
What is the total arc of motion for an individual with 70 degrees MCP flexion and -15 degrees of MCP extension?
55 degrees
1. Anterior (neck flexors) - Scalenes or SCM
2. Posterior (neck extensors )- erector Spinae
A venous insufficiency is recognized by _____ and if this is demonstrated, the patients extremity should be positioned how?
cyanosis; slightly above heart level