Mutant Mayhem (Ch 9)
A piece of DNA can be passed from the genome of one cell to that of another
What is horizontal gene transfer?
Protein signal sequence that is only recognized when the the polypeptide is in its tertiary form.
What is a signal patch?
Sequence that causes a peptide to lodged or "embedded" in the ER membrane.
What is a stop-transfer sequence?
Chemical signals involved in neuronal signaling.
What are neurotransmitters?
Receptors that use autophosphorylation to trigger downstream signaling pathways.
What are RTKs?
Mutation that causes the change of an amino acid, not turning it into stop codon.
What is a missense mutation.
The terminus that contain the signal sequence for proteins that are destined for the mitochondria and chloroplast.
What is the N-terminus?
The 5 steps of vesicular transport.
What is
1.Budding
2.Uncoating
3.Tethering
4.Docking
5.Fusion
Type of paracrine signaling in which a cell responds to it own signal that is releases.
What is autocrine signaling?
The subunit of GPCRs that associates with ATP when activated.
Mutations that involve the addition or deletion of nucleotides, causing downstream nucleotides to be grouped into incorrect nucleotides.
What is frameshift mutation?
What are translocators?
The pathway of an ER protein.
What is Cytosol > ER > Golgi > exocytosis or lysosome
Long distance signaling that is able to signal the whole body by releasing hormones into the circulatory system.
What is endocrine signaling.
The subunit of a GPCRs that associates with the gamma subunit
What is the beta subunit?
Chromosomal rearrangement that occurs when a segment of a chromosome is broken in two places, reversed, and put back together.
What is inversion?
Organelle that receives fully folded proteins through "pores"
What is the nucleus?
What is docking?
Examples of a physical signal.
What are light, temperature, and pressure?
The largest family of enzyme coupled receptors.
What are Receptor Tyrosine Kinases? (RTKs)
The type of mutation that would occur from to much smoking, or sunbathing.
What is a induced mutation?
Sequence of amino acids about 15-60 amino acids long that directs the movement of the protein.
What is a signal sequence?
Binds to ribosome and the ER signal sequence of a polypeptide when it emerges from the ribosome. It then takes both ribosome and polypeptide to the ER.
What is a signal recognition particle. (SRP)
An external signal triggers a series of molecules in a cell, which one acts upon another, and induce a response.
What is a signal transduction pathway?
The largest family of cell surface receptors.
What are G-protein coupled receptors?