Cranial Nerves
Which cranial nerve provides vision and exits through the optic canal?
CN II - Optic nerve
What are the two main divisions of the cranium?
Neurocranium & Viscerocranium
What three structures form the borders of the anterior cervical triangle?
Midline of neck, mandible, SCM
Which cranial nerve passes through the foramen rotundum?
Maxillary division of CN V (V2)
Loss of smell may indicate damage to which nerve?
CN I- Olfactory Nerve
Which cranial nerve innervates most of the extraocular muscles and constricts the pupil?
CN III- Oculomotor nerve
Which dural reflection separates the two cerebral hemispheres?
Falx Cerebri
The posterior triangle is divided by what muscle into two smaller triangles?
Inferior belly of the omohyoid
What structure passes through the hypoglossal canal?
CN XII Hypoglossal Nerve
Which nerve palsy causes an inability to abduct the eye?
Abducent Nerve (CN VI)
Which cranial nerve supplies taste to the anterior 2/3 of the tongue?
CN VII- Facial Nerve
Which lobe of the brain is primarily responsible for vision?
Occipital Lobe
Which nerve loop provides motor supply to most infrahyoid muscles?
Ansa Cervicalis
The internal acoustic meatus transmits which cranial nerves?
CN VII (Facial) & CN VIII (Vestibulocochlear)
A lesion to CN IX or X can be identified by which reflex test?
Gag Reflex
Damage to which cranial nerve causes hoarseness and dysphagia due to laryngeal muscle paralysis?
CN X- Vagus Nerve
What is the function of the arachnoid granulations?
Reabsorb CSF into the venous sinuses
Which cervical triangle contains the common carotid artery, internal jugular vein, and vagus nerve within the carotid sheath?
Carotid Triangle
The middle meningeal artery is vulnerable to injury at which foramen?
Foramen Spinosum
Which sinus infection can endanger multiple cranial nerves and the internal carotid artery?
Cavernous Sinus Infection
Which cranial nerve exits the skull through the hypoglossal canal and controls tongue movement?
CN XII- Hypoglossal Nerve
Which arteries form the Circle of Willis?
Internal carotid, anterior & posterior cerebral, anterior & posterior communicating arteries
Which suprahyoid muscles elevate the hyoid during swallowing?
Mylohyoid, Geniohyoid, Stylohyoid, Digastric
Which artery and nerve travel together through the optic canal?
Ophthalmic artery and CN II (Optic Nerve)
What procedure removes plaque buildup in the carotid artery and risks injuring lower cranial nerves?
Carotid Endarterectomy