Pain
I have pain in my abdominal area- what kind of pain
excitatory neurotransmitters
norepinephrine, epinephrine acetylcholine, seratonin, and glutamate
Collection of neurons located around the hypothalamus & lower portion of cerebrum.
Limbic system
____ are agonists that combine with ____, ____ and ____ receptor sites within the CNS to produce an analgesic effect by altering the perception of pain
Mu, Kappa, Delta
Analgesics relieve ____ without affecting ____
pain, consciousness
My neuropathways got crossed and I'm feeling pain where there is no pain
neuropathic
What do sedative hypnotic drugs do? What are they also referred to as?
lower anxiety in low doses and induce sleep in high doses.
Also referred to as anti-anxiety or anoxiolytic drugs
Cerebrum
- controls all voluntary motor activity
- movement
- sensory processing
- olfaction
____ is still the most potent analgesic
Its side/adverse effects include:
Morphine
Sedation, Euphoria, Dysphoria, Constipation, Urinary retention, Miosis (constriction of pupil), Respiratory depression, Hypotension
antipyretic, analgesic, anti-inflammatory, antiplatelet
can cause gastric ulcers. REYES SYNDROME NOT FOR KIDS UNDER 18
This spot on my big toe hurts here
somatic pain
What 3 drug classes are CNS stimulants?
amphetamines, anorexiants, analeptics
GABA
is the major inhibitory neurotransmitter and plays a crucial role in anxiety, depression, and sleep.
Do not give morphine
head injury, respiration problems, alcohol
drug of choice for sedation and hypnosis
I broke my leg, my pain is
Acute
A ____ is an agent that produces a state of calmness when given in divided doses. In high doses, a ____ becomes a ____
A ____ is an agent given at bedtime to induce sleep, usually in a larger dose than a ____
Sedative, sedative, hypnotic
Hypnotic, sedative
appetite control center is located where? Which drugs effect this?
Hypothalamus
Anorexiants
Mixed opioid agonist-antagonist agents bind with kappa receptors and have minimal effects on mu receptors. As a result, they have no ____ effects and fewer ____ side effects than pure agonists do
Antitussive (cough prevention), GI
What are 3 drug classes that induce sleep?
antianxiety, sedative/hypnotic, alcohol
Pain management and selection of the most appropriate analgesic depends on what
-anti anxiety agent only
-does not posses sedative, anticonvulsant, or skeleetal muscle relaxant properties. Potential for tolerance and drug dependency appears very low.
buspirone (BuSpar)
Medulla oblongata function
- controls breathing, BP, and heartbeat, among other involuntary body functions
- damage to this region can be fatal
-cardiovascular center
-respiratory center
-vasomotor center
Uricosuric drugs (antigout) are used to treat gout. Medications used:
Acute attacks
- colchicines
- NSAIDs
- corticosteroids
Attack prevention
- allopurinol (Zyloprin)
- probenecid (Benemid)
Nonopioid analgesics are used to treat what and what are their classifications
pain, fever, inflammation, antiplatelet
1. Acetaminophen
2. Salicylates
3. Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs