Bones & Anatomy
What is the best way to prevent osteoporosis?
Staying active and exercising
This is an instrument/ method used to measure range of motion (ROM)...
Goniometry
Positioning and range-of-motion (ROM) exercises most help the immobilized patient to prevent which complication?
Contractures
Contracture formation may begin in as little as how many days of immobilization?
3 days
Turning and repositioning a patient with musculoskeletal injury frequently can help prevent what key (2) complications?
Preserving skin integrity and decreasing respiratory problems
This structure joins the bones of a joint together?
Ligament
Patient presents to ED after an injury. An x-ray has been ordered for a suspected dislocation. Before confirmation by x-ray, which physical assessment finding(s) support the potential diagnosis? (4)
History of forceful injury
Severe pain, aggravated by motion
Muscle spasm
Abnormal appearance of joint
A patient at risk for the development of osteoporosis has reported plans to increase calcium intake. Which meal choice is most appropriate for this patient?
Grilled salmon, green beans, and milk
When assessing a patient with an arm cast in traction, you observe intense pain in hand and fingers, edema of fingers, weak radial pulse and numbness and tingles, what complication might you suspect?
Compartment syndrome
For a patient with a fat embolism, what should you ultimately be prepared for?
Intubation and mechanical ventilation
Identify 4 key functions of the musculoskeletal system...
Motion
Support
Protection of organs
Body shape
What are some key points to educate patient on after an arthrocentesis? (3)
steroids prescribed will reduce the inflammation
Some pain is anticipated
Elastic bandage will be worn for 2 to 3 days
How many times a day should range-of-motion (ROM) exercises be performed?
3-4 x day
Wrist drop can can when....
There is improper support of the hand after an injury
What would we warn patients of about with systemic corticosteroids and treatment for rheumatoid arthritis?
Their anti-inflammatory action tends to diminish over time
Identify (4) age related changed in the musculoskeletal system...
Increased brittleness and fragility of bones
Decreased healing times
Decreased muscle mass
Tendon sclerosis
When the patient returns to the unit from having had an arthrogram, which intervention should the nurse perform first?
Apply ice packs to the knee
The nurse is changing the position of a person with flaccid paralysis. Which action is most important?
Change the patient’s joint position frequently
What is the primary treatment goal with for fracture?
Establish union between broken ends to restore bone continuity
As patients age, increased postural sway places them at risk for what?
Fall
Which bodily component constantly renews bone?
Osteoblasts
When preparing a patient for electromyography (EMG), which instructions should the nurse include?
Refrain from caffeine drinks for 3 h before the test
What crutch walking technique provides the most stable gait?
4-point crutch gait technique
What happens if muscles are not regularly stretched and contracted, how will the muscles be effected?
Muscles will become shorter and less elastic
The physician has prescribed isometric exercises for a patient. For which patient should the nurse question this order?
A patient experiencing an acute exacerbation of congestive heart failure
(...because they dangerously strain the heart)