Immunity
Two major issues to help prevent the progression from HIV to AIDS
What are medication compliance and maintaining a healthy immune system? (want to prevent opportunistic infections as well)
A medication given to help a patient fight infection by increasing their neutrophils.
What is Filgrastim?
Why sickle cell anemia is life-threatening.
What is vascular occlusion and organ ischemia?
Primary concern with any patient with a thyroid disorder.
What is cardiovascular status (decreased CO or increased oxygen demand on the heart)?
Three types of nutritional anemias.
What are iron deficiency anemia, folic acid deficiency anemia, and vitamin B12 deficiency anemia?
Medication used for anaphylaxis and the therapeutic effect of this medication.
What is epinephrine and bronchodilation and increase BP?
Three interventions for a patient with thrombocytopenia.
What are using an electric razor, gentle mouth care, watching for occult blood, fall precautions, platelet transfusions, and avoid ASA and NSAIDS?
Four interventions for sickle cell crisis.
What is oxygen, hydration, pain management (HOP), rest, and watching renal function?
Three key assessments in a patient with SIADH or DI.
What is urine specific gravity, urine output, weight, serum/urine osmolalities, and serum Na?
Anemia that causes neuromuscular issues and the treatment for it.
What is pernicious anemia and monthly Vitamin B12 injections (or can be given intranasally)?
Two items to consider when giving a child an immunization.
What is injection site, size of needle, age of child, parent consent and distraction needed?
Define pancytopenia and nadir.
What is low RBCs, low platelets, and low WBCs? What is the lowest point of immunosuppression?
Top three triggers for a sickle cell crisis.
What are infection, hypoxia and dehydration?
Major intervention for a patient with Cushing's Syndrome.
Taper steroid dosing and/or change regimen.
Three general causes of anemia (not specific types of anemia).
What are decreased erythrocyte production, blood loss, and increased erythrocyte destruction?
Three classifications of medications used for SLE.
What are immunosuppressants, NSAIDS, and corticosteroids? (vary based on type of disease)
This constitutes a medical emergency in a patient with neutropenia and the reason for this.
What is a temperature of greater than or equal to 38.0, which may the only sign of infection in a neutropenic patient? (can lead to sepsis quickly)
Unique lab values seen in a patient with hemolytic anemia.
What are increased bilirubin, increased iron, and increased potassium?
Timeframe for corticosteroid therapy for a patient with Addison's disease.
What is lifelong therapy?
Types of patients that are at risk for folic acid deficiency anemia.
What are alcoholic abusers and those that don't eat enough green leafy vegetables?
A primary intervention to prevent an autoimmune disease exacerbation.
What is maintaining a healthy immune system (rest, nutrition, decrease stress, and avoiding infection) and avoiding triggers?
Five interventions for neutropenia.
What are hand washing for staff and patient, private (or positive pressure) room, visitor screening, mask outside room, avoid crowds, no fresh flowers/plants, wash fruits and vegetables thoroughly, adequately cook meat, q4h VS, and avoid Tylenol and NSAIDS, unless febrile?
Potential problems to brain, lungs, and kidneys related to sickle cell anemia and repeated crisises?
What are stroke, pneumonia (acute chest syndrome), and AKI/ESRD?
Major concern for Addison's crisis
Major concern for SIADH
Major concern for DI
What is severe hypotension?
What is seizures?
What is hypovolemic shock?
When PRBC transfusions might be indicated for anemia.
What are Hct below prescribed parameters, patient is symptomatic, or patient has cardiac disease.