Which of the following is unqiue to animals?
a. Structural polymer, cellulose
b. Heterotrophy
c. Flagellated sperm
d. Nervous system
D. Nervous system
Structural polymer, cellulose found in plants
Heterotrophy found in fungi
Flagellated sperm found in fungi
Coelom formation begins during the _________ stage
a. Bastula
b. Zygote
c. Cleavage
d. Gastrula
D. Gastrula
________ filter out food particles suspended in the surrounding water as they draw it through their body.
a. Poriferab. Cnidaria
c. Lopotrochozoa
d. Ecdysozoa
A. Porifera (AKA sponges)
Many molluscs use ______ to scrape up food.
a. Protonephridia
b. Trophi
c. Radula
d.Chelicerae
C. Radula
Protonephridia: an excretory system consisting of a network of tubules lacking internal openings (Platyhelminthes- flatworms)
Trophi: jaws of syndermata
Chelicerae: clawlike appendages of chelicerates
Who is Christian's most listened to musical artist?
Harry Edward Styles
In animal development, _______ is a series of cell and tissue movement in which the blastula-stage embryo folds inward, producing a three-layered embryo.
a. Cleavage
b. Fertilization
c. Gastrulation
d. Blastulation
C. Gastrulation
Cleavage: A succession of mitotic cell divisions without cell growth between divisions. Zygote --> eight-cell stage --> Blastula.
Fertilization: The process of sperm and eggs fusing to form a zygote.
Blastulation: I made this up
All animals are
a. Autotrophic
b. Multicellular
c. Sexual reproducing organisms
d. Filter feeders
B. Multicellular
Which group of animals reproduce asexually in which females produce offspring from unfertilized eggs?
a. Rotifers
b. Flatworms
c. Errantia
d. Sedentarians
A. Rotifers (Syndermata)
How many pairs of appendages do chelicerates have?
a. 4
b. 6
c. 8
d. 5
B. 6
The main defining difference between sponges and all other animals is ________
a. Lack of body cavity
b. Complete digestive tract
c. Member of Metazoa
d. Lack of tissues
D. Lack of tissues
Other animals such as flatworms lack body cavities
Not all animals have a complete digestive system
Metazoa, includes all animals
Which group of animals is NOT a member of Bilateria?
a. Platyheliminthes
b. Nematoda
c. Echinodermata
d. CnidariaD. Cnidaria
Metazoa: Includes all animals
Eumetazoa: All animals EXCEPT porifera
Bilateria: Includes Acoela, Deuterostomia, Lophotrochozoa, and Ecdysozoa (Excludes Cnidaria, Ctenophora, and Porifera)
Which of the following correctly identifies a difference between protostomes and deuterostomes?
a. Protostomes undergo indeterminate cleavage
b. Deuterostomes the mouth forms from the blastopore
c. Protostomes undergo spiral cleavage
D. Deuterostomes the coelom forms from clumps of mesoderm splitting off.
d.
C. Protostomes undergo spiral cleavage
Which of the following uses a lophophore?
a. Annelida
b. Molluscs
c. Nematodes
d. Brachiopods
D. Brachiopods
Lophophorates --> Ectoprocta and Brachiopods
Insects and crustaceans are characterized by having
a. tentacles armed with cnidocytes used for defense and prey capture
b. Muscular foot, visceral mass, and mantle
c. Segmented bodies, hard exoskeletons, and jointed appendages
d. Body wall muscles that are all longitudinal
C. Segmented bodies, hard exoskeletons, and jointed appendages
Arthropods --> Chelicerates (arachnids) and Pancrustacea (insects and crustaceans)
A. describes cnidaria
B. describes molluscs
D. Nematodes
Both fungi and arthropods use _____ for structural support?
a. Collagen
b. Cellulose
c. Chitin
d. Lignin
C. Chitin
Lignin supports the cells of xylem (tracheids)
A body cavity lined by tissue derived only from mesoderm is ______. Also known as a true body cavity
Coelom
Hemocoel derived from mesoderm and endoderm. Animals with a hemocoel are known as pseudocoelomates.
In which classification of animals, does the cells produced by early cleavage retain the ability to develop into a complete embryo.
a. Acoelomates
b. Pseudocoelomates
c. Protostomes
d. Deuterostomes
D. Deuterostomes
Deuterostomes undergo indeterminate cleavage.
Acoelomates refers to animals lacking a body cavity (compact)
Pseudocoelomates refers to animals with a hemocoel body cavity.
_____ are flagellated collar cells that generate a water current through the sponge and ingest suspended food.
a. Amoebocytes
b. Choanocytes
c. Cnidocytes
d. Nematocysts
B. Choanocytes (Porifera)
Amoebocytes: These cells can transport nutrients to other cells of the sponge body, produce materials for skeletal fibers, or become any type of sponge cell as needed (totipotent) (Porifera)
Cnidocytes:cells function in defense and prey capture (Cnidaria)
Nematocysts: A capsule like organelle containing a coiled thread that when discharged can penetrate the body wall of prey. (Cnidaria)
Which of the following combinations of phylum and description is correct?
a. Arthropoda- muscular foot, visceral mass, and mantle
b.Echinoderms- rotifers, jaws called trophi, and parthenogenesis
c. Platyhelminthes–flatworms, gastrovascular cavity, acoelomate
d.Cnidaria- sponges, lack tissue, and filter feeders
C. Platyhelminthes–flatworms, gastrovascular cavity, acoelomate
Arthropoda- Segmented body, hard exoskeleton, and jointed appendages
Molluscs- muscular foot, visceral mass, and mantle
Echinoderms- endoskeleton of hard calcareous plates, water vascular system, and radial symmetry
Syndermata- rotifers, jaws called trophi, and parthenogenesis
Porifera- sponges, lack tissue, and filter feeders
Cnidaria- Diploblastic, Radial body, and central digestive compartment
Which large group of animals contains vertebrates?
a. Porifera
b. Lophotrochozoa
c. Ecdysozoa
d. Deuterostomia
D. deuterostomia
The following large groups of animals are all invertebrates
- Porifera
- Cnidaria
- Lophotrochozoa
- Ecdysozoa
Deuterostomia contains chordata, which includes vertebrates
_______ and _____ tissue are unique, defining characteristics of animals
Nervous and muscle tissue are unique, defining characteristics of animals
Animals are supported by structural proteins such as Collagen , rather than cell walls
Morphological and molecular evidence indicate that _____________ are the closest living relatives to animals
Flagellated protists called choanoflagellates
A diploid nuclei cell containing 18 chromosomes undergoes one round of meiosis, followed by two rounds of mitosis. The resulting cells will have how many chromosomes?
9 Chromosomes
The water vascular system of echinoderms functions in ______ and ______.
it functions in locomotion and feeding
Which group includes all the other groups?
a. Porifera
b. Lophotrochozoa
c. Eumetazoa
d. Metazoa
D. Metazoa