Chapter 15
Study of fossils
Paleontology
What is a polulation?
A population is a group of organisms of the same species inhabiting a certain area.
This is the study of biodiversity and relationships among organisms over time?
What is systematics?
Genetic change in a species over time
Evolution
What is microevolution?
Microevolution is the change in gene frequencies between populations of a species over time.
This system gives organisms a two-part scientific name.
What is binomial nomenclature?
Process in which individuals inherited traits that tend to survive and reproduce at higher rates
Natural Selection
Females choose mates based on traits that improve male appearance.
This type of diagram shows evolutionary relationships using shared, derived traits
What is a cladogram?
Similarity in characteristics from a shared ancestry
Homology
1. No mutations 2. No migration 3. Large population 4. Random mating 5. No natural selection
These traits are similar because of shared ancestry between organisms
What is homology?
The 2 main principles of Lamark's Hypothesis of Evolution
Use and disuse & Inheritance of acquired characteristics
The founder effect is a genetic drift that occurs when a few individuals become isolated and form a new population. (Possible example): A tribe was made up of people who reached 7 feet tall.
This principle states that the simplest evolutionary explanation is preferred when constructing phylogenetic trees.
What is parsimony?