Cell Cycle
The majority of the cell cycle is spent in _________.
What is Interphase?
Phase where chromosomes align at the center of the cell.
What is Metaphase?
______ is the type of nuclear division that reduces the chromosome number from diploid to haploid.
The father of Genetics.
Who is Gregor Mendel?
P generation - TT (tall) x tt (short)
F1 generation - ?
F2 generation - ?
F1 - All Tt (tall)
F2 - TT, Tt, Tt, tt (3 tall, 1 short)
The three stages of Interphase.
What are G1, S, and G2?
The final phase where cytoplasmic division occurs.
What is Cytokinesis?
Two gametes come together to form a ______.
What is a Zygote?
A diagram where sperm and egg genotypes are lined up to show all possible offspring combinations.
What is a Punnett Square?
P generation - BB (black) x Bb (black)
F1 generation - ?
F1 - BB, BB, Bb, Bb (all black)
Nerve and muscle cells spend their life in this stage.
What is G0?
Animal cells split using a ________ _______, while plant cells split using a ___ ______.
What are Cleavage Furrow and Cell Plate?
Alternative forms of a gene, such as brown hair or green eyes.
What are Alleles?
_______ alleles mask the expression of _______ alleles.
What are Dominant (RR or Rr) and Recessive (rr)?
P generation - Rr (red) x rr (white)
F1 generation - ?
F2 generation - rr x rr
F3 generation - ?
F1 - Rr, Rr, rr, rr (2 red, 2 white)
F3 - rr, rr, rr, rr (all white)
Programmed cell death is defined as ________.
What is Apoptosis?
Humans are _______, meaning there are two copies of each chromosome, but we produce _____ gametes with only one copy each.
What are Diploid and Haploid?
A visual display of chromosomes arranged by size, shape, and banding pattern.
What is a karyotype?
ABO Blood Typing is an example of __________ where many alleles can be fully expressed in the presence of the other.
What is Codominance?
F1 generation - Homozygous dominant x Homozygous recessive
F2 generation - ?
All heterozygous
The four phases of Mitosis.
What are Prophase, Metaphase, Anaphase, and Telophase?
Prokaryotes reproduce asexually through a process called ______ ______.
What is Binary Fission?
Two processes to achieve Genetic Variation in daughter cells.
What are Independent Assortment and Crossing Over?
_________ _________ is exhibited when a heterozygote has an intermediate phenotype between that of either homozygote.
What is Incomplete Dominance?
F1 generation - ?
Gg x gg
F1 - Gg, Gg, gg, gg (two green, two yellow)