All About the Eye
Normal vision found using this assessment tool is 20/20.
What is the Snellen chart?
First 20 = Patient stands 20 feet away from chart.
Second 20 = What a patient with normal vision should be able to see at 20 feet.
This refractive disorder occurs when the lens loses elasticity and is common in older adults.
What is presbyopia?
Secretions of the outer ear mixed with dead skin cells form this substance.
What is cerumen (ear wax)?
This type of hearing loss involves damage to structures of the inner ear related to common causes such as disease, ototoxic drugs, and excessive noise.
What is sensorineural hearing loss?
When administering ear drops, the ear should be positioned using this technique for a patient under 3 years of age.
What is downward and back?
For all patients over 3 years - pull up and back
This term refers to the constriction of the pupil when a light is shown into opposite eye.
What is consensual response?
This disorder involves the gradual opacity of the lens leading to various visual disturbances.
This term is used to refer medications and substances that are harmful to the ear.
What is ototoxic?
This age-related type of hearing loss results in loss of hearing of high-pitched frequency sounds.
What is presbycusis?
It is important that prior to administering eye medications, it is confirmed that the medication be labeled as this.
What is "For Ophthalmic Use"?
These three layers comprise the eyeball.
What are the sclera, choroid, and retina?
This disorder manifests as abrupt changes in vision described as a "curtain being lowered over" vision prior to complete loss of vision.
What is retinal detachment?
This hearing test determines the difference between air conduction (AC) and bone conduction (BC).
What is the Rinne Test?
Normal results = AC greater than BC
An issue of the external ear, this infection results in an abscess around a single hair follicle within the ear.
What is a furuncle?
Carbuncle = multiple hair follicles
When administering eye drops, this technique should be used to prevent systemic effect.
What is punctal occlusion?
This device is used to measure the intraocular pressure of the eye.
What is a tonometer?
Normal reading = 10-21 mm Hg
Considered a medical emergency, this disorder can cause intraocular pressure to get as high a 50 mm Hg and can lead to blindness if not treated promptly.
What is angle-closure glaucoma?
This device is used to inspect the middle ear, especially the tympanic membrane.
What is an otoscope?
Remember: These exams should be conducted by the HCP
This condition results in hardening of the structures in the middle ear that lead to immobility of the stapes and subsequent hearing loss.
What is otosclerosis?
When administering more than one medication in the eye, this amount of time should be allowed to pass to ensure that first medication isn't flushed out of the eye.
What is 5 minutes?
This term referring to the pupil's ability to respond to near and far distances, is comprised of the responses convergence and constriction.
What is accommodation?
Pupils Equal, Round, Reactive to Light, AccommodationThis age-related disorder results in the loss of central vision and can be classified as either dry or wet types.
What is macular degeneration?
These three bones comprise the auditory ossicles of the middle ear.
What are the malleus, incus, and stapes?
This inflammation of the inner ear leads to S/S of vertigo, tinnitus, and sensorineural hearing loss.
What is labyrinthitis?
These agents are used to soften cerumen and may be used prior to administration of ear medications to ensure adequate absorption.
What are ceruminolytics?