Problems with Memory
Loss of long-term memory that occurs as the result of disease, physical trauma, or psychological trauma
Amnesia
Behavior is driven by instinct, with the purpose of survival
William James's Instinct theory
Subjective state of being often described as feelings
Emotion
500 words in English for this construct
Emotion
How feelings and view of the world distort memory of past events
Bias
Emotions arise from physiological arousal
James-Lange Theory of Emotion
A pattern of behavior in which we regularly engage
Habit
Tendency to maintain a balance, or optimal level, within a biological system.
Homeostasis
Information learned more recently hinders the recall of older information
Retroactive Interference
Emotions consist of two factors: physiological and cognitive
Schachter-Singer two-factor theory of emotion
Wants or needs that direct behavior towards some goal
Motivation
Facial expressions are capable of influencing our emotions
Facial feedback hypothesis
Old information hinders the recall of newly learned information
Proactive Interference
Deviations from homeostasis create physiological needs that result in psychological drive states
Drive Theory
Motivation from within
Intrinsic Motivation
Individual’s belief in his own capabilities or capacities to complete a task
Self-efficacy
Loss of memory for events that occurred prior to brain trauma
Retrograde Amnesia
simple tasks are performed best when arousal levels are relatively high, while complex tasks are best performed when arousal is lower
Yerkes Dodson Law
Motivation from external forces
Extrinsic motivation
–Americans express fear, anger, and disgust publicly
–Japanese express these only in private
Culture Display Rule