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Birds and mammals ; shivering when its cold outside or sweating when its hot.
Who were the descendents of jawed/bony fishes?
Amphibians
Which order hosts tuataras?
Order Rhycocephalia
How do turtles attack/eat their prey?
With a sharp beak!
What does it mean to be a tetrapod?
To be a 4 limbed vertebrate
What is the lateral line system?
A series of organs under the skin that pick up changes in pressure waves underwater
True or False: Echinoderms are primarly aquatic, and Chordates are primarily terrestrial/land animals
FALSE! Fish, which are chordates, account for over half of all chordate species. Land mammals and tetrapods make up the minority of chordates.
You come across a thin, fish-like organism. Upon further examination, you observe it has no scales and a notochord. What organism/subphylum is this?
Lancelets ; Subphylum Cephalochordata
The structure that separates deoxygenated blood in the atrium from oxygenated blood in the ventricle. This helps more efficiently transport oxygen throughout the body.
You find a strange looking sea star in the ocean. Upon dissection, you see that it lacks ampullae and has incomplete digestion. What organism/class is this?
Brittle star ; Class Ophiuroidea
What structure evolved from the notochord to protect the nerve cord?
The vertebral column / vertebrae
How is the reproduction of sharks different from bony fish? Which group of animals is shark reproduction most similar to?
Sharks have internal fertilization, long gestational periods (pregnancies), few offspring, and live birth. This is similar to mammalian reproduction!
Which canal connects the amupulla to the radial canal?
The lateral canal
Compare the breathing methods of reptiles and amphibians.
Amphibians: cutaneous respiration through the skin AND positive pressure breathing that forces air into the lungs
Reptiles: Thoracic breathing (negative pressure) that uses the lungs
1. Black bears
2. Cows
3. Wolves
1. Grinding, ripping, and chiseling teeth for an omnivorous diet
2. Only grinding teeth for an herbivorous diet
3. Only ripping and chiseling teeth for a carnivorous diet
What are two reptilian traits that birds have? What are two traits reptiles have that birds do not?
1. Both have amniotic eggs and scaly legs
2. Reptiles have teeth while birds have a beak, and reptiles have scales while birds have feathers
How does the lower jawbone (dentary) differentiate between mammals and reptiles?
In mammals, the dentary is separate from the skull and movable. In reptiles, it is fused to the skull and non-movable.