Exam One Review

Glossary

100

Unsaturated Solution

More solute can be dissolved

200

Half-Life

The time is takes for half the reactant to be used

300

Zero-Order Reaction

reaction where the rate is independent of the concentration of the reactant(s)

400

Elementary Step

a single step, of a potentially longer reaction

500

Colligative Property

Depends on the number of particles, not what they are

Formulas

100

Raoult's Law

P_solution=X_solvent*P^o_solvent

200

Henry's Law

S_gas=k_H*P_gas

300

Express the rate of the reaction in terms of each reactant and product

CH₄ + 2O₂ → CO₂ + 2H₂O

Rate= - Δ[CH₄] + - Δ[O₂]→  Δ[CO₂] + Δ[H₂O]

                Δt              2Δt          Δt             2Δt

400

[A]₀ - [A]_t = kt

Zero-Order Integrated Rate Law

500

Half-Life Formula for Second Order reaction

T_1/2 =     1    

            k[A]₀

Conceptual

100

What are the three colligative properties we are covering?

Vapor pressure lowering
Freezing point depression
Boiling point elevation

200

What makes a molecule polar?

Overall dipole moment, as a result of asymmetrical difference in electronegativites

300

Rank the IMFs

London Dispersion/Van Der Waals

Dipole-Dipole

Hydrogen Bonding

Ion-Dipole

400

Describe how temperature affects solubility of solids vs. gases

For solids:
Higher temp =
higher solubility

For gases:
Higher temp =
lower solubility

500

What do the 3 orders look like in a graph?

(rate vs. reactant concentrations)

Zero: horizontal line

First: Constant positive slope

Second: Upward curve

Quantitative

100

Calculate the solubility of carbon dioxide in water at 0 °C and a pressure of 3.00 atm. The solubility of carbon dioxide is 0.348 g/100 mL water at 0 °C and 1.00 atm.

1.044g/100mL

200

The half-life of Zn-71 is 2.4 minutes. If one had 100.0 g at the beginning, how many grams would be left after 7.2 minutes has elapsed?

12.5 g remaining

300

How many grams of pyrazine (C4H4N2) would have to be dissolved in 1.50 kg of carbon tetrachloride to lower the freezing point by 4.4 °C? The freezing point constant for carbon tetrachloride is 30. °C/m.

17.6 grams

400

The rate constant for the first-order decomposition of cyclobutane, C₄H₈ at 500 °C is 9.2 × 10-3 s-1:

C₄H₈→2C₂H₄

How long will it take for 80.0% of a sample of C4H8 to decompose?

1.7×102s

500

An aqueous solution is prepared by diluting 3.30 mL acetone (d = 0.789 g/mL) with water to a final volume of 75.0 mL. The density of the solution is 0.993 g/mL. What is the molarity, molality and mole fraction of acetone in this solution?

0.598 M 

0.624 m 

0.0111