Sociology is conducted at two levels. What are the levels? Describe each.
What is society (components of society and how they are interrelated) and biography (behavior, thoughts, emotions created and modified by conditions of life)
100
Define cultural relativism and provide an example.
What is the principle of regarding the beliefs, values, and practices of a culture from the viewpoint of that culture itself
100
What is the Great Men Theory?
Society is made up of great men, they have almost independently shaped our lives today. "The history of the world is but the biography of great men."
100
List the four types of human societies in chronological order.
What is Hunting and Gathering, Horticultural, Agrarian, Industrial
100
Why do hunting and gathering societies have small population sizes?
Can't provide for large families (lack of food), high death rate, low birth rate
200
Is sociology understood as being uni-dimensional or multi-dimensional?
What is multi-dimensional
200
Define ethnocentrism and provide an example.
What is an evaluation of other cultures according to preconceptions originating in the standards and customs of one's own culture
200
Define materialism.
What is the basic, long-term features of society are the result of the material conditions. Beneath the apparent differences among societies the same basic forms of social life arise from similar causes.
200
What causes societal differences?
Differences in biophysical environment & differences in subsistence technology.
200
List at least five of the main features of hunting and gathering societies.
1. Limited subsistence technology
2. Low productivity
3. Limited food supply
4. Small population
5. Nomadic
6. Few possessions
7. Limited division of labor
8. Single village
9. Kin based social organization
10. Egalitarian
11. Little social change, conservative ideology, limited contact with other societies
300
Sociology is conducted from two perspectives. What are they? Describe each.
What is science (appropriate concepts for the scientific community) & participants (appropriate classifications for the participant).
300
Share two examples of ethnocentrism from "Top of the World"
Answers vary.
300
What are the material conditions? List them and define them.
What is mode of production (subsistence technology & economic system), mode of reproduction (information and tools used to control size of population) & biophysical environment (resources and constraints of natural environment)
300
List 3 reasons why subsistence technology is the most important factor in determining the qualities of a society
1. Used to produce food and other energy
2. Limits what is possible
3. Necessary precondition for significant increases
4. Change in subsistence technology stimulates other change
5. Societies with greatest store of this have greater inter-societal advantage
6. World System of societies reflects characteristics of most technologically advanced
7. More portable and quickly changed
300
Why are hunting and gathering societies nomadic?
Lack of subsistence technology to stay in one place, depleted resources eventually, seasons change
400
Sociology is defined as...
What is "the comparative, historical, interdisciplinary study of society and social life."
400
Name three examples of cultural variety from the Mondo Cane: Eating film.
Answers vary.
400
What is the relationship between social organization, material conditions, and ideology? Use an example to support your answer.
Material conditions cause social organizations. Social organizations cause ideology.
400
What is the rarest type of society?
What is Maritime
(also fishing societies)
400
How do hunter-gatherer societies compare to the Inuit society at the top of the world?
No gathering, biophysical environment, gender division of labor
500
Sociology is understood by 6 main principles. List 4 of these.
What is social facts, theoretical, collective, multidimensional,
historical, comparative
500
What is the point of the "Sacred Rac" and "Nacirema" articles? Why are they valuable to read in SOCY200H?
Answers vary.
500
What are the two components of the mode of production. List and define.
Subsistence technology- info and tools used to exploit the biophysical environment and meet human needs & Economic system- producing and distributing goods and services
500
What's the difference between simple and advanced agrarian societies?
Simple- draft animals and plows & Advanced- larger fields, iron plows, huge expansion (over 2x population size)
500
Describe the division of labor among men and women. Why did men do all of the "big game" hunting?
Pregnancy and breastfeeding incompatible with hunting, Physical differences, Game Hunting is a group activity