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What is Nullification?
Theory that states can nullify a law if they deem it to be unconstitutional
This Act in 1850 would return run-away slaves back to their masters and allowed the U.S. Marshals to force citizens to enforce the law by deputizing them even if they morally opposed slavery
Fugitive Slave Act
The Gadsden Purchase did what?
US purchased more territory in the Southwest from Mexico to build a Southern Transcontinental railroad
Who was responsible for getting Grant elected as president for the Election of 1868?
Newly freed black men
What law passed in 1870 did the following?
1) Outlawed the use of violence or intimidation to prevent people from voting.
2) Gave the president authority to deploy troops to ensure laws were being followed.
3) imposed heavy criminal & civil penalties on terror groups
Ku Klux Klan Act
Gen Sherman's March to the Sea, from Atlanta to Savannah, had two purposes:
1: To destroy or capture food, animals, homes, factories, or anything else that would support the Confederate army.
2. To show the Confederates that they were rapidly losing the ability to wage war.
What is the name of this strategy that he used?
Total War
What is Manifest Destiny?
The U.S. was providentially, or divinely, ordained to possess the North American continent
General Robert E. Lee wrestled with the decision to fight for the US or for the Confederacy. What pushed him to join the Confederacy?
His sense of duty as a Virginian once they decided to secede from the Union
Who found gold on his California property, but never profited off of it because prospectors took all of it?
John Sutten
What did the 15th Amendment do?
Allowed all adult men, despite skin color or previous state of servitude, to vote in elections
Why were the Southerns angry over the Tariff of Abominations?
The South would pay the tariffs while the North would use the money on internal improvements for themselves
What is popular sovereignty?
Hint: it caused a lot of issues that led up to the Civil War
allow residents of a territory determine if they would allow or prohibit slavery by a simple majority vote
What happened at Appomattox Courthouse during the Civil War?
Gen Lee formally surrendered to Gen Grant
The Webster-Ashburton Treaty (1842) settled the border dispute between Canada and Maine, and clarified the border between Canada and __________
Minnesota
In the election of 1832, who established the 3 new political ideas of:
1: a 3rd party nominating a presidential candidate
2: it issued a "platform" (Written statement of their positions on issues)
3: Held a national convention for state delegates to nominate the party's president and V.P. candidates
Anti-Masionic Party
What did the Kansas-Nebraska Act (1854) do?
organized the territories of Kansas and Nebraska, and to settle the slavery question, popular sovereignty would be used.
Andrew Jackson was president when Texas gained their independence from Mexico. What were the two reasons he did not want to admit Texas into the Union?
1. It would spark a war with Mexico
2. Texas would have been a slave state and free states would have opposed it.
The U.S. and Britain settled another border dispute with the Oregon Treaty of 1846. It placed the U.S. and Canadian border from Minnesota to the Pacific Ocean at the _______ parallel line
49° parallel line (latitude)
The Union strategy was the Anaconda Plan, which was to slowly eliminate the South's ability to wage war. What was the Confederate strategy to win the war?
Largely defensive to outlast the Union's will to fight
The Emancipation Proclamation freed the slaves in Confederate states. This proclamation was announced by President Lincoln after what battle?
Battle of Antietam
(Draw, but the Union declared it a victory)
What Confederate city along the Mississippi River was the key to moving supplies and troops from the western regions (like Texas) to the East?
Vicksburg, MS
(Union victory)
This treaty ended the Mexican War, and according to its terms, Mexico had to give the U.S. the following territories: California, Nevada, Utah, New Mexico, and Arizona.
Treaty of Guadalupe Hildago
What is the name of the view that many Confederate leaders used to say secession is constitutional?
(Hint: every state is an independent entity joined in a voluntary compact, where states maintain their identity and not subordinate to the Federal government)
States rights (or sovereignty)
Why was the battle between the CSS Virginia (Merrimack) and USS Monitor such a notable battle despite it ending in a draw?
First battle between iron warships and spelled the end of wooden ships.
What was the Compromise of 1877?
Southern Democrats would vote for Hayes (R) to be president if he vowed to removed the soldiers occupying the last three Southern states (S.C., LA, & FL). This marked the end of Reconstruction