Cold War
This term describes U.S. foreign policy as it relates to the Cold War from the 1940s through the mid 1960s.
Containment Policy - U.S. would take diplomatic, economic, and military actions to stop the spread of Communism.
Identify TWO demographics shift which occurred during the Postwar Era.
- Baby Boom
- Growth of the Suburbs
- Rise of the middle class, white collar jobs
Identify THREE factors which jump started the Civil Rights Movement
- WWII - Double Victory Campaign, Executive Order 8802 (desegregated the armed forces)
- Rise of Black middle class - GI Bill of Rights increased college enrollment, home ownership, but also issues of segregation
- Television - provided national coverage of discrimination
What were TWO programs or laws that emerged from the Great Society?
- Headstart
- Upward Bound
- Job Corps
- Medicare/Medicaid
- Immigration Act of 1965
This group was known for revolting against authority and middle class conformity during the 1960s, embracing peace, love, and rock n' roll
Hippies / Counterculture
Marshall Plan - The U.S. provided billions in aid to Europe to jumpstart their economies and stop the spread of Communism to W. Europe - successful
Berlin Airlift - The U.S. airlifted supplies to W. Berlin when Soviet Union attempted to cut off access, after 11 months, city was reopened - successful
Explain the benefits of the GI Bill of Rights
- Veterans would receive $ to fund college education
- Low down payment/interest rate home purchases
This court case reversed the Plessy V Ferguson "separate but equal" doctrine in 1954.
Brown V Board of Education
What was the effect of the Gulf of Tonkin Resolution?
The Gulf of Tonkin Resolution expanded the war powers of the President, allowing him to send troops abroad without a congressional declaration of war.
This event is commemorated in Gay Pride Parades each year in June.
Stonewall Uprising
Describe the causes & effects of the Korean War. Determine whether it is an example of the success or failures of the Containment Doctrine.
Cause: Communist N. Korea invaded Democratic S. Korea, U.S. joined UN in sending in troops to support S.K.
Effects: S. Korea remained free from Communist (success), pre-war border re-established
Identify TWO changes to the American economy which occurred during the Postwar Era
- Rise of white collar jobs in sales, marketing
- Sale of TVs, cars, consumer goods
- Construction Boom, suburbs
- Rise of supermarkets, malls, fast food
Identify TWO events of the CR movement that aimed at challenging segregation in public places.
- Montgomery Bus Boycott
- Freedom Riders
- Birmingham Campaign
- March on Washington
- Sit-ins
This organization issues the Port Huron Statement, challenging Cold War foreign policy, consumerism, wealth inequality, and issues of civil/women's rights.
Why was there resistance to the draft during the Vietnam War?
- Deadliness of the conflict, lack of immediate threat to the U.S.
- Draft primarily impacted poor/people of color -- college exemptions benefitted middle/upper class
- Events which undermined confidence in US' right to be there or success - My Lai Massacre, Tet Offensive
Describe the Bays of Pigs and Cuban Missile Crisis - identify whether these were successes or failures for the Kennedy administration.
Bay of Pigs - CIA supported plan to have Cuban exiles overthrow Castro/Communism in Cuba (failure)
Cuban Missile Crisis - USSR set to est. nuclear missile sites in Cuba, U.S. est. blockade, deal was made for USSR to remove missile in Cuba, US remove missiles in Turkey (success)
Identify TWO cultural changes of the Postwar Era
- Rise of Red Scare (anti-communism)
- Culture of conformity (American Dream)
- Rock n Roll, Beats
- Rise of Evangelical Christianity
Identify TWO laws which were passed during the CR movement.
- Civil Rights Act of 1964
- Voting Rights Act of 1965
Identify TWO events/people/organizations of the Women's Movement.
- Betty Friedan / Feminine Mystique
- National Organization of Women (NOW)
- Patsy T. Mink / Title IX
- The Pill / Roe V. Wade
- Equal Rights Amendment (ERA)
Identify TWO events or people of the Civil Rights Movement related to Mexican-American or Native Americans.
- Cesar Chavez/Dolores Huerta, Delano Grape Boycott, United Farm Workers
- 1968 LA Walkouts, Brown Berets
- Mendez v. Westminister
- Occupation of Alcatraz Island
- Indians of All Tribes / AIM
Define the following terms: Vietnamization, Detente
Vietnamization - Nixon's plan to turn over the war to the S. Vietnamese gov't army
Detente - Nixon's attempt to ease tensions between the U.S. / Soviet Union
Describe TWO events or people associated with the Red Scare
- Loyalty Review Program: investigated federal employees for Communist Ties
- Joseph McCarthy / HUAC: Accused and interrogated those suspected of Communist Ties
- Hollywood Ten: Refused to "name names" before HUAC
Identify TWO events that aimed to resolving issues of voter discrimination.
- Freedom Summer
- Selma March
Identify TWO causes, TWO challenges, and TWO effects of the Vietnam War.
Causes: N. Vietnam invaded S. Vietnam, Gulf of Tonkin incident
Challenges: Jungle-like terrain, Viet Cong
Effects: Fall of S. Vietnam to Communism, War Powers Act, PTSD/Health issues, loss of trust in U.S. gov't
Explain how the idea of Black Nationalism / Black Power differ from that of Martin Luther King Jr.
- King: Focused on integration, non-violent protest
- Malcolm X and others: Focused on black self-empowerment (black owned businesses, banks, schools), some acceptance of violence as a means of self-defense