HABITATS
A swamp is an example of a ?
wetland
What is salinity?
the amount of dissolved salt in water
What is an aquifer?
an area of water underground (below the water table) that can supply water to farms, animals, people
What is the name of the scale that measures the hardness of minerals?
Mohs Scale of Hardness
The Earth's 3 layers are ?
crust, mantle, core (mantle is the thickest)
Habitats provide these 2 specific things for survival:
food and shelter
A lobster would be classified as a _____ organism. (Which marine group?)
benthos
About how much freshwater is found on Earth?
3%
A mineral that can scratch glass has a Mohs number of at least ?
5.5
The core of the Earth is primarily made up of?
iron and nickel- they now believe the very inner core (which is solid) contains oxygen too!
A bog is a wet area covered by patches and patches of ?
moss
Why does the ocean water never full freeze?
because the ocean contains salt and salt has a freezing temp lower than freshwater (28.4), so it is more difficult for it to freeze- though it can freeze on the surface at the poles
What force brings precipitation down and keeps our water cycle moving along?
gravity
Why can't we just use COLOR to determine a mineral?
Many minerals are the same color so we have to examine other things such as hardness, breakage type, luster, streak test....
Which of our 4 spheres contains all the water on Earth?
hydrosphere
A common plant found in a marsh is a ?
cattail
Ocean organisms living in the open-ocean zone can withstand increasing _____ as they go deeper down.
pressure
Most freshwater is found in ?
ice sheets/glaciers at the poles
Name some terms that describe luster.
metallic, non-metallic, glassy, milky, pearly, greasy
An earthquake is an example of a ____ force.
constructive because it causes a landmass to be created (such as a mountain). We talked about how the Himalaya Mtns. were formed :)
Why are wetlands so important to humans and animals?
control flooding, regulate temperatures, provides a habitat, food, act as filters
Organisms that rely heavily on the process of photosynthesis to survive would live in the ? zones of the ocean.
intertidal and neritic zones (more sunlight there)
Explain the water cycle.
Water goes from liquid form to a gas form during Evaporation. After it evaporates, the gas condenses to a liquid in the clouds (Condensation) and the clouds gather more and more liquid particles. Eventually these particles lead to precipitation coming down (rain, snow, hail, sleet). Precipitation then collects into the ground, oceans, lakes, ponds and the whole process starts again. In addition, Transpiration (water that evaporates from plant leaves) goes into the air as part of the cycle.
What are the two types of igneous rock?
Intrusive (forms within the Earth)
Extrusive (forms on the Earth's surface)
In the mantle, the type of heat transfer present (where the rock alternates/cycles between solid and liquid form) is called ?
convection