Epithelial Tissue (Ch. 4)
This epithelial type is best suited for rapid diffusion and lines the alveoli of the lungs.
What is simple squamous epithelium?
This epidermal layer contains stem cells and is responsible for continual epidermal regeneration.
What is the stratum basale?
This structural unit of compact bone consists of concentric lamellae surrounding a central canal.
What is an osteon (Haversian system)?
This loose connective tissue binds epithelia to underlying tissues and holds tissue fluid.
What is areolar connective tissue?
This type of ossification forms most long bones.
What is endochondral ossification?
The classification name “stratified squamous” tells you this about the tissue.
What is multiple layers with flattened apical cells?
Keratinization begins primarily in this layer.
What is the stratum granulosum?
These tiny channels connect lacunae and allow osteocytes to exchange nutrients and wastes.
What are canaliculi?
This connective tissue type contains thick collagen fibers arranged parallel to each other and forms tendons.
What is dense regular connective tissue?
Bone growth in length occurs at this structure located in the metaphysis.
What is the epiphyseal plate?
This structure anchors epithelial tissue to underlying connective tissue and consists of the basal lamina and reticular lamina.
What is the basement membrane?
Thick skin differs from thin skin because it contains this additional layer.
What is the stratum lucidum?
This bone cell type is responsible for bone resorption and is multinucleated.
What is an osteoclast?
The three components common to all connective tissues are these.
What are cells, fibers, and ground substance?
These are the two types of bone marrow and their primary functions.
What are red marrow (hematopoiesis) and yellow marrow (fat storage)?
A gland that releases its product by cell rupture is classified as this type of secretion.
What is holocrine secretion?
These glands are merocrine, widely distributed, and primarily function in thermoregulation.
What are eccrine (merocrine) sweat glands?
This layer covers the outer surface of bone and contains Sharpey’s fibers and osteogenic cells.
What is the periosteum?
This connective tissue type is avascular, resilient, and found in the external ear.
What is elastic cartilage?
This hormone increases blood calcium levels by stimulating osteoclast activity.
What is parathyroid hormone (PTH)?
A tissue sample shows tall cells, nuclei at different heights, cilia, and goblet cells. The tissue appears multilayered but all cells contact the basement membrane. Identify it and its function.
What is pseudostratified ciliated columnar epithelium?
(Function: Secretion and propulsion of mucus in respiratory tract)
A patient presents with asymmetrical mole borders, irregular pigmentation, and increasing diameter. This cancer type is suspected and is the deadliest form of skin cancer.
What is melanoma?
Mechanical stress increases osteoblast activity. This principle explains why weight training increases bone density.
What is Wolff’s Law?
A tissue is highly vascular, contains osteocytes in lacunae, and has a matrix composed of hydroxyapatite crystals and collagen. Identify the tissue and its matrix components.
What is bone (osseous tissue)?
(Matrix: organic collagen fibers and inorganic calcium phosphate salts)
Growth in bone width occurs by this process and involves osteoblast activity beneath the periosteum.
What is appositional growth?