Evolution
Change in the genetic composition of a population over time
What is Evolution
Development of similar traits not derived from common ancestry
What is convergent evolution?
Different versions of a gene
What is an allele?
Cell Division by Prokaryotes (or prokaryote like organisms)
What is Binary Fission?
identical alleles in a pair of homologs
What is homozygous?
Inherited characteristics of organisms that enhance the possibility of survival and reproduction in respect to their environment
What is an adaptation?
method of classification based on common characteristics
What is cladistics?
Movement of alleles from one population to another
What is gene flow?
Phase of nuclear DNA replication
What is S-Phase?
When two alleles separate during gamete formation and end up in different gametes
What is the law of segregation?
Similarity resulting from common ancestry
What is homology
Bacteria, Eukarya, and Archaea
What is a domain?
Mating through which there is an increased proportion of homozygotes
What is assortative mating?
Pairs of chromosomes that are a product of sexual reproduction/fertilization
What are homologous chromosomes?
An allele that needs two copies to present in the phenotype
What is a recessive allele?
Underlying structures (with variations) that stem from a common ancestor.
What are homologous structures
A group that contains an ancestor and all its descendents
What is monophyletic group?
Changes to allele frequency that occur randomly due to drastic changes in population.
What is the bottleneck effect (genetic drift)?
The stage where chromosomes become chromatin (becomes less condensed)
What is telophase?
The process used to determine whether a dominant phenotype is homozygous or heterozygous
Leftover structures/remnants of ancestral features (Humans have coccyx (or tailbone) at the end of spine)
Vestigial Structures
shared derived character from common ancestor between 2 or more species
What is synapomorphy?
The period of the most recent mass extinction
What is the Cretaceous Period?
Occurs in metaphase 1 to increase genetic diversity
What is independent assortment?
This term describes the observable characteristics or traits of an organism
What is a phenotype?