Big Brain Energy
Your client slipped on ice while shoveling snow and smacked the back of their head on the concrete. What lobe of the brain has been damaged, and what symptoms may occur?
Occipital; visual processing
Excessive lordotic lumbar curvature creates which abnormal posture? Which way is the pelvis tilted?
Sway back posture; anterior pelvic tilt
Damage to which cranial nerve results in an inability to smell?
CN I: Olfactory
Sprain is worse because permanent damage has occurred to the ligaments
List all the muscles involved in shoulder adduction
Latissimus Dorsi, Pec Major, Teres Major, Teres Minor, Infraspinatus, Long head of triceps, Coracobrachialis
A client has sustained a TBI from an MVA. They present with poor judgment, keep losing track of items, and have been swearing more than usual. What lobe of the brain is damaged?
Frontal
Your client is reaching for their morning cup of coffee. Which plane of motion are they moving through?
Sagittal plane
Your client presents with a tongue that is deviating to the left. What cranial nerve is involved and on what side of the brain did the damage occur?
CN XII: Hypoglossal
Left-sided damage
You work in acute care, and you go to see your next client, who has just been diagnosed with diabetic neuropathy. What is important to assess with this client regarding their neuropathy?
Sensation, pain, and skin checks. Monitor the client's feet for any wounds or pressure sores. Toes be fallin' off lol.
Physically demonstrate the difference between decorticate and decerebrate posturing. Which has the poorer outcome?
Decerebrate
Where are the primary motor and primary sensory areas located?
Motor: frontal lobe
Sensory: parietal lobe
Your client is recovering from an RTC injury and is having difficulty completing peri-care when toileting. Which muscle is most likely impacting this functional limitation?
Subscapularis
What muscles are innervated by the axillary nerve?
Teres minor and deltoid
What is the cause of thoracic outlet syndrome?
Impingement of the brachial plexus as it passes through the scalenes, pec minor, and clavicle.
A client comes in with a diagnosis of myasthenia gravis. They begin working on repetitive bicep curls in an attempt to strengthen muscles weakening due to their condition. Is this an appropriate intervention for this client? Explain your answer.
NO!!!! NO NO NO! Myasthenia Gravis is caused by damage to the acetylcholine receptors at the neuromuscular junction that occurs from repeated use. Any repetitive movement of muscles impacted by myasthenia gravis will cause further damage and harm to the client.
After a stroke, your client is unable to feel the difference between hot and cold sensations. What lobe of the brain is damaged?
Parietal
At the glenohumeral joint, the humeral head moves inferiorly on the glenoid fossa, which direction is the humeral shaft moving? Identify the convex and concave joint surfaces in this movement.
Superiorly
Convex: humeral head
Concave: glenoid fossa
What nerve, when impinged at the cubital tunnel, results in pain and paresthesia in the ring and little finger?
Ulnar n.
A client reports increasing trouble with balance and mood swings. On observation, you notice jerky, dance-like movements and difficulty focusing during tasks. Family history reveals a genetic disorder passed from one parent. What condition does this point to?
Huntington's Disease
You are completing a feeding intervention with an 80-year-old client. You notice that when they swallow, they cough and their voice has a wet and gurgly sound. What cranial nerves might be impacted?
CN V, VII, IX, X, and XII
Explain the difference between Broca's and Wernicke's aphasia. Where are they located and how do they present?
Broca's: frontoparietal, expressive aphasia--understands what is being said but has difficulty responding.
Wernicke's: temporoparietal, receptive aphasia--difficulty understanding what is being said and requiring more gestures.
Define the difference between open and closed chain activities. Provide an example of each
Open chain: functional movement at distal joint, promoting mobility
Closed chain: functional movement at proximal joint, promoting stability.
Your client recently had a benign tumor removed from their brain. When you see them after their surgery, you notice that their left eyelid is dropping and deviating laterally, and they are complaining of double vision. What cranial nerve may have been damaged during surgery?
CN III
You observe a client wiping down a table with a Lysol wipe. What is the minimum MMT grade this client can score?
2+
Explain what function occurs at each of the roots of the brachial plexus: C5, C6, C7, C8, & T1.
C5: elbow flexion, supination, abduction, bicep innervation
C6: wrist extension
C7: wrist flexion and triceps
C8/T1: hand and finger movement