Consciousness
The two-track mind.
What are "consciousness" and "nonconsciousness"?
Mental representations of knowledge that help us understand our world.
What are schemas?
The processing, organization, and interpretation of sensory signals in the brain.
What is perception?
The only appropriate objects of scientific study are behaviors that can be observed and measured directly.
Some psychologists known for this field of psychology are Ivan Pavlov and John B. Watson.
What is behaviorism?
The scientific study of how humans change over the life span (from conception to death).
What is developmental psychology?
You're watching one of your favorite movies and the main actors grabs a Coca-Cola soda bottle while grocery shopping. After watching the movie, you crave a Coca-Cola soda.
What is this an example of?
What is priming?
This is the loss of unused synaptic connections.
What is synaptic pruning?
You are brightly lit room, then the electricity goes out. You struggle to see at first, but then your eyes adjust to the darkness and you're able to walk around.
What is this called?
What is sensory adaptation?
You are a True Crime fan! You listen to murder podcasts and watch documentaries about crime all the time. You are pretty familiar and comfortable learning about gruesome stories.
What is this type of non-associative learning is this?
What is habituation?
You are playing peek-a-boo with a baby! The baby really thinks you disappear when you go behind your hands.
What has the baby not developed yet?
What is object permanence?
This is known automatic processing or nonconscious processing.
What is "system 1 processing"?
What attachment is the baby showing?
What is ambivalent attachment?
A couple has a newborn baby who has been waking up for milk almost every hour. The mother and father are basically sleep deprived and are exhausted. One night, they get ready for bed and around 2 am, they hear their baby crying in its crib! The mother wakes up immediately and goes to the crib.
How is she able to hear a cry when her body is so exhausted? What is this theory called?
What is signal detection theory?
Originally irrelevant Stimulus that is added to a study but begins to trigger a response.
What is the conditioned stimulus (CS)?
During these stages of sleep your brain will produce "delta waves", and sleep walking or bedwetting can occur.
What are stages 3 and 4?
You close your eyes for bed and about 5 minutes into your sleep, you feel your body jerk and you wake up suddenly.
What stage of sleep were you in?
What is stage 1?
Around ages 12 and up, they are able to think logically about abstract ideas. Also, they become concerned with hypothetical issues, the future, and ideological problems.
What stage of Piaget's theory on cognitive development is this?
What is the formal operational stage?
Your car radio is at volume 5, you decide you want your radio to be loud today. You put the volume to 7 and it doesn't sound much louder, but then you put the volume up to 20. Finally the music is actually louder.
What is this called?
What is difference threshold?
You have an exam coming up and unfortunately, you did bad on the first exam. After the first exam, your mom says if you pass the next exam with at least a B, then she will buy you anything you want.
What is positive reinforcement?
You graduate from high school and decide to go to university. In high school, you heard bells to dismiss you and you had the same teachers for a whole school year. Now in university, you choose your professors, your schedule, and you even decide if you want to show up to class. Your schema of school has changed!
What is this called?
What is assimilation?
You are dreaming about a scary dinosaur eating pizza with you.
What stage of sleep are you in?
What is REM sleep?
Older individuals, ages 60s and up, begin to feel a sense of satisfaction that they have lived a good life and developed wisdom OR can begin to feel existential despair and regret.
What stage of Erik Erikson's theory on psychosocial development is this?
What is integrity vs. despair?
You overhear someone speaking in another language that you don't understand fully, but you hear certain words that seem familiar. In other words, you know a few words but have not fully understood what the person was saying.
What type of processing is this?
What is bottom-up processing?
Your car begins beeping annoyingly because you haven't put on your seatbelt. So, you put your seatbelt on and FINALLY, the beeping stops.
What is negative reinforcement?
The conversion of one form of energy into another.
EX: Sound waves entering your ears before you understanding it is one of your favorite songs!
What is transduction?