Enlightenment Vocabulary
Revolutionary
Vocabulary
Vocabulary
Enlightenment
Revolutions
Nationalism
100
the right that is supposedly given to a king or queen by God to rule a country
Divine Right
100
an attempt at forming a national identity for the many, many ethnic groups within the empire.
Ottomanism
100
Why did the Enlightenment develop in Europe?
1. Scientific Revolution led to a new way of thinking
2. People began to question Divine right
3. New philosophers emerged: John Locke, Rousseau, Voltaire, Montesquieus
100
Who helped Haiti win their their independence from France?
America
100
What is the name of this geographic location?
The Balkans
200
separates factual thinking from beliefs and opinions
Epistemology
200
Dislike of a group of people based on where they are from.
ethnic discontent
200
Which enlightenment thinkers thought that absolute monarchy was the best form of government?
Thomas Hobbes
200
Who helped America win their their independence from Great Britain?
France
200
Why did the Tanzimat Reforms fail?
Dhimmis did not think these changes were enough. Dhimmis wanted more rights and to be equal. Muslims were very upset by these change because they believed Dhimmis were below them.
300
The idea that all humans are born with the rights to life, liberty, and property—all which should be protected by the government.
Natural Rights
300
abolished dhimmis status and granted more civil liberties and equalities to non-Muslims. These changes, however, did very little to stop national movements, and upset the Muslim population which included Arabs and Turks.
Tanzimat Reforms
300
What did Nicholas Copernicus believe?
Why was this Controversial?
He introduced the heliocentric system. The that the planets orbit around the Sun; that Earth is a planet which, besides orbiting the Sun
The Catholic church was against the belief that the earth was NOT the center of the Universe
300
How was Haiti's reputation ruined after they successfully won their independence ?
Haiti’s revolutionary reputation was damaged internationally after the 1804 French massacre. During this Massacre all remaining French whites including those who helped Haitians rebel were murdered
300
Which 2 leaders unified Italy?
The Unification in Italy was Led by Count Cavour from Piedmont in northern Italy and Garibaldi Giuseppe in southern Italy; Italian states were unified by 1871, forming the Kingdom of Italy
400
The idea that if the state ever takes or fails to defend natural rights, the people are obligated to reform the government.
Consent of the governed
400
the tendency of people to be prideful based on a shared identity of race, culture, and language rather than by religion, monarchs, or historical principalities
nationalism
400
What did Voltaire believe?
He was known for his belief that government and religion should be separate, arguing instead religion should be a protected private practice.
400
How did Haiti win their independence from France?
1. Slaves revolted
2. Toussaint Louverture led Haiti in the fight for independence using used war tactics such as Guerrilla warfare
3. Haitian soldiers were resistant to local disease which helped Haiti maintain their freedom.
400
Who unified Germany?
In the German lands, Otto von Bismarck of Prussia led a coalition of German states against France in the Franco-Prussian War of 1871. Due to their resounding success, and a general nationalistic spirit, Prussia led the unification of German states (except Austria) into a single German Empire.
500
limited government powers by a set of documents written and agreed upon by citizens.
Constitutionalism
500
form of irregular warfare in which small groups of combatants, such as paramilitary personnel, armed civilians, or irregulars, use military tactics including ambushes, sabotage, raids, petty warfare, hit-and-run tactics, and mobility, to fight a larger and less-mobile traditional military
Guerrilla warfare
500
What was the impact of the Enlightenment?
Era of revolutions:
American Revolution
French Revolution
Latin-American Revolutions
Haitian Revolution
500
What were the causes of the American Revolution?
The Enlightenment and new ways of thinking.
British taxes without colonial representation in parliament.
American colonial Individual Rights were not protected by the British Government.
500
What was the result of the First Balkan War?
Balkan polities and new nations, such as Greece, Bulgaria, and Serbia, took most remaining Ottoman territory in Europe during the First Balkan War.