Key Theoretical Points Part 1
______ theory argues that techniques of crime and the specific motives, drives, rationalizations, and attitudes are learned.
Learning
Attachment, Commitment, Involvement, and Belief
The four components of Hirschi’s Social Bond
Assumes that we learn crime through the same processes that we learn to share our toys or tie our shoes
Differential Association
Programs for high schoolers that get them to focus on their next steps and to invest in college readiness, follow what component of Hirschi’s theory?
Commitment
_______ theory compares rates of crime between societies. This theory may also ask why the US has such high rates of crime.
Anomie
According to Gottfredson and Hirschi, there is one type of control that matters to our understanding of crime. It is _______.
Self-Control
Strain and Anomie Theorists assume that crime is a _______ reaction to strain.
Normal
Mentoring programs that work to connect youth with positive and prosocial adults, who can model law abiding behavior, draw from ideas from __________ theory.
Learning
Is comprised of social cohesion and trust AND Informal social control
Collective Efficacy
This theoretical framework studies the traits of neighborhoods
Chicago School
Which theoretical perspective assumes that law violation is natural?
Social Control
A program that works to strengthen informal social control within communities draws from which theory?
Chicago School
_________ is a cultural frame through which individuals interpret the functioning and viability of the law and its agents
Legal cynicism
According to Agnew (General Strain Theory) _______ are one reason why strains increase the likelihood of crime.
Negative Affective States
(strain may also foster the social learning of crime, reduce levels of social control, lead to personality traits of negative emotionality and low constraint)
______ assumes that individuals are rational.
Classical
A diversion program that requires youth and their families participate in functional family therapy to work through the challenges/difficulties that are leading the youth into delinquency
Strain Theory
Idea that criminals manifest physical anomalies that make them similar to our primitive ancestors
Criminal Atavism
_____ tendencies inherent in the American Dream both produce and are reproduced by an ______ imbalance of power dominated by the economy
Anomic and Institutional
Assumes that anyone - regardless of social class - can become criminal
Differential Association
Assuming the death penalty is a deterrent, it follows which theoretical perspective?
Classical Theory