Race and Genomics
True of False: Most genetic variants are harmful
False: Most genetic variants are neutral
Genetic Ancestry Inference provides estimations of the following:
genealogical history, geographic origins, and population affiliations
True or False: Sickle Cell Disease developed as a protective measure against lung cancer
False
What drug was approved by the FDA exclusive for self-identified Black patient and relies upon race-based medicine
BiDil
A series of mutations that connect an ancestral genetic type (e.g., allele, haplotype) to that of its descendants.
Genetic lineage
The set of biological ancestors in an individual’s family tree or pedigree, including parents, grandparents, great-grandparents, etc. Not all of an individual’s genealogical ancestors are their genetic ancestors, that is, have contributed DNA to that focus individual; in fact, most did not.
genealogical ancestors
number of people impacted by sickle cell disease worldwide
approximately 8 million
A drug used to treat epilepsy. In 2007, the FDA issued an alert warning against prescribing it to patients of Asian ancestry due to an increased risk of adverse side effects.
Carbamazepine
Occurs when previously diverged or previously isolated genetic lineages mix. All humans are admixed, but some are more recently admixed than others.
Genetic admixture
Genetic Ancestry
Genetic ancestry refers to the paths through an individual's family tree by which they have inherited DNA from specific ancestors — it is not the same as genealogical ancestry, which includes all biological ancestors in a family tree, not all of whom necessarily contributed DNA to that individual.
complications of sickle cell disease
A broader approach to medicine that considers the intersection of genetic, environmental, and social factors
precision medicine
Challenges to diversifying genetics research
Perspectives of researchers and communities, cost, project timelines, etc.
tools for genetic ancestry inferencing testing
lineage (paternal (y-DNA) and maternal (mtDNA)) and autosomal (whole genome)
environmental modifiers of SCD severity
climate, air quality, altitude, socioeconomic status, physical activity
treatment style that solely focuses on an individual's genetics
personalized medicine
True
The reliability of genetic ancestry inferencing tests is inhibited by the following:
the accuracy of the database
True or False: there is a relationship between malaria and sickle cell
True: people with SCT are better protected against malaria
The FDA warned providers that this specific genetic marker is linked to an increased risk of adverse side effects when taking carbamazepine.
HLA-B*1502