Chapter 7
Abrupt awakening at night while extremely frightened...
Night terrors
Identify some early behavioral differences in presentations of gender identity...
Toy selection, play activities, playmates
As the prefrontal cortex develops _______ speed improves
Processing
Describe a few positive effects of early peer relationships...
Develop sociability & intimacy skills
Learn leadership & communication skills
Gain a sense of belonging
Hint: same amount of liquid in two differently shaped glasses
Conservation
What is gender identity?
Awareness that one is male or female; this develops in the context of their society.
Give an example of seriation...
Lightest to darkest
Shortest to tallest
ect....
Describe a few negative aspects of early peer relationships...
Reinforcing prejudice
Fostering anti-social tendencies; pressure to conform
The arrangement of words to create well formed sentences...
Syntax
Single representations are...
Isolated, one-dimensional terms without logical connection
Ex: you can't be happy and scared
Fill in the blanks
Loss in density of _____ matter or "pruning of ______ dendrites"
Gray, unused
What is an inductive technique of discipline?
Pointing out actions to child
Ex: Hitting Jimmy hurts him and makes him feel bad.
Failure to see that an action can go two or more ways...
Irreversibility
Self-esteem/self-worth is...
Evaluative part of self-concept. Early childhood tends to be "I am good" or "I am bad"
What is class inclusion?
Ability to see relationship between a whole and its parts
Ex: flowers and specific types, like roses
Describe some aspects of coregulation...
Parent: general supervision
Child: self-regulation
The difference between egocentrism and centration is...
Centration focuses on one aspect of a situation and ignores others. Egocentrism is the inability to take someone else's POV
Some emotions that children are able to identify by age 3...
Guilt, shame, pride
Fill in the blanks
______ in white matter, or materials that _______ information.
Increase, transmit
Adjustment to divorce can depend on...
Level of parental conflict, child's age/maturity, gender/temperament, psychosocial development before divorce