Learning Theory
Lifespan Development
Statistics and Research Design
Test Construction
I/O
100
A psychologist determines that , for a 6-year child, Behavior A is more probable than Behavior B. The psychologist tells the parents to make the child's opportunity to engage in Behavior A contingent on Behavior B. The psychologist is using which of the following techniques? A. response cost B. shaping C. DRO D. Premack principle
D. Premack principle
100
A sudden loud noise would elicit which of the following reflexes from a one-month old infant? A. Babkin B. Darwinian C. Moro D. Babinski
C. Moro
100
To increase power, you would: A. Reduce alpha B. Increase beta C. Reduce sample size D. Increase sample size
D. Increase sample size
100
A researcher calculates a kappa coefficient of .90. This provides evidence of: A. internal validity. B. construct validity. C. inter-rater reliability. D. internal consistency reliability.
C. inter-rater reliability.
100
The establishment of comparable worth depends on the use of: A. A valid needs analysis procedure. B. A neutral job evaluation procedure. C. An unbiased job analysis procedure. D. An unbiased personnel selection procedure.
B. A neutral job evaluation procedure.
200
When using in vivo exposure with response prevention: A. the CS is presented repeatedly without the US. B. the US is presented repeatedly without the CS. C. the CS and US are alternately presented. D. the CS and US are presented simultaneously.
A. the CS is presented repeatedly without the US.
200
Tom is not colorblind but he has a brother who is colorblind. Tom's wife Alice, is not colorblind and does not have any relatives who are color blind. Which of the following describes the likelihood that the children of Tom and Alice will be colorblind? A. Their male children only are likely to be colorblind. B. Their female children only are likely to be colorblind. C. Their male and female children may or may not be colorblind. D. Neither their male nor their female children will be colorblind.
D. Neither their male nor their female children will be colorblind.
200
Which of the following correlation coefficients is useful for determining the degree of association between two nominal variables? A. Biserial B. Contingency C. Spearman D. Pearson
B. Contingency
200
Assuming that the following scores are all from the same normal distribution of scores, which of the following lists the scores in order from lowest to highest? A. z-score of +1.0, percentile rank of 70, T-score of 80 A. z-score of +.75, percentile rank of 84, T-score of 65 A. z-score of +1.25, percentile rank of 95, T-score of 55 A. z-score of +.50, percentile rank of 98, T-score of 60
A. z-score of +.75, percentile rank of 84, T-score of 65
200
In the 1950s, researchers at Ohio State University developed an influential theory of leadership that focused on a leader's: A. personality traits. B. behaviors. C. attitudes towards authority. D. power.
B. behaviors.
300
Polly Pooch teaches her son to feed her dog first by showing him how to put the dog food into the dog dish. Ince the boy has mastered that task, she teaches him to open a can of dog food and then put it into the dish. Finally, she teaches her son to open the cupboard, take out a can of dog food, open it, and put the dog food into the dog dish. The procedure that Mrs. Pooch has used is best described as: A. backward chaining. B. forward chaining. C. stimulus control training. D. sequential training.
A. backward chaining.
300
The most consistent evidence of neurogenesis in the adult human brain has been obtained for which of the following? A. Thalamus B. Hippocampus C. Mammillary Bodies D. Reticular Formation
B. Hippocampus
300
Which of the following techniques would be appropriate for using scores on measures of self-esteem, hopelessness, and perceived social support to classify adolescents as either non-depressed, vulnerable to depression, or depressed? A. linear regression analysis B. multiple regression analysis C. multiple discriminant function analysis D. principle components analysis
C. multiple discriminant function analysis
300
The distribution of percentile ranks is: A. the same shape as the distribution of raw scores. B. always "normal" in shape. C. always "flat" in shape. D. leptokurtic relative to the distribution of raw scores.
C. always "flat" in shape.
300
Super's theory of career development predicts that a worker is likely to be most satisfied when: A. the job fits his/her self-concept. B. the job is compatible with his/her ego identity. C. the job fulfills his/her most prepotent needs. D. the job offers opportunities of self-actualization.
A. the job fits his/her self-concept.
400
When using aversion therapy to eliminate a client's shoe fetish, an electric shock or other unpleasant stimulus acts as a(n): A. negative punishment. B. negative reinforcement. C. conditioned stimulus. D. unconditioned stimulus.
D. unconditioned stimulus.
400
In the case of Brown v. Board of Education of Topeka (1954), research by Kenneth and Mamie Clark was used to support the argument that: A. school segregation contributes to a negative self-image among African American children. B. school segregation contributes to low school achievement among African American children. C. academic underachievement of African American children is related to parental and cultural expectations. D. academic underachievement of African American children is related to low teacher expectations.
A. school segregation contributes to a negative self-image among African American children.
400
According to classical test theory, X=T+E, where E refers to: A. random error. B. equivalency. C. predictive error. D. estimated consistency.
A. random error.
400
On the MMPI-2, a T-score of 70 means that an examiner's score is at the: A. 68th percentile. B. 70th percentile. C. 84th percentile. D. 97th percentile.
D. 97th percentile.
400
Fielder's theory of leadership predicts that a task-oriented leader is most effective when: A. the situation is very favorable. B. the situation is very unfavorable. C. the situation is moderately favorable. D. the situation is either very favorable of very unfavorable.
D. the situation is either very favorable of very unfavorable.
500
The "FI scallop" refers to: A. the pause followed by accelerated responding that occurs within each fixed interval. B. the increase in responding that occurs after reinforcement at the end of each fixed interval. C. the gradual pause followed by an essential instantaneous high rate of responding that occurs between each fixed interval. D. the pause in responding that signals satiation after exposure to an extended fixed interval schedule.
A. the pause followed by accelerated responding that occurs within each fixed interval.
500
Studies investigating teachers' responses to male and female students have demonstrated that: A. boys have more interactions with their teachers and tend to receive more feedback. B. girls have more interactions with their teachers but receive more criticism. C. male teachers pay more attention to boys, while female teachers pay more attention to girls. D. student gender does not have a differential impact on teacher-student interactions.
A. boys have more interactions with their teachers and tend to receive more feedback.
500
In a positively skewed distribution, from smallest to largest in magnitude, the measures of central tendency are: A. Mean, Median, Mode. B. Mean, Mode, Median. C. Mode, Median, Mean. D. Mode, Mean, Median.
C. Mode, Median, Mean.
500
Assuming a normal distribution, which of the following represents the highest score? A. a z score of 1.5 B. a T score of 70 C. a WAIS score of 120 D. a percentile rank of 92
B. a T score of 70
500
In the 1950s, researchers at Ohio State University developed an influential theory of leadership that focused on a leader's: A. personality traits. B. behaviors. C. attitudes towards subordinates. D. power.
B. behaviors.
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