Associated Philosophers and Sociologists
Terminology
Models of Scientific Reasoning
Common Examples
Utopia
100
This philosopher introduced the idea of paradigms
Who is Thomas Kuhn?
100
A conceptual framework that we use to organize reality
What is a paradigm?
100
This principle is at the top of the hierarchical model of scientific reasoning
What is axiology?
100
This inspired an effort by follower of Isaac Newton to limit legitimate theorizing to claim about observable processes
What is Newton’s Principia?
100
An argument against a value on the grounds of its “unrealizability”
What is are Utopian values?
200
This person is a contemporary to Karl Popper
Who is Hans Reichenbach?
200
A mistaken belief especially one based on unsound arguments
What is a fallacy?
200
This model claims that methods, values and facts all carry relatively equal weight in scientific reasoning
What is a reticulate model?
200
Scientists Lesage, Hartley and Boscovich all focused on theories void of observation
Who are scientists that utilized the Method of Hypothesis?
200
This proves that certain cognitive goals cannot be achieved, given our understanding of logic and the laws of nature.
What is Demonstrative Utopianism?
300
This person argued that the change of basic cognitive goals cannot be rationally negotiated
Who is Karl Popper?
300
This work of Karl Popper was his entry point into the discussion about the nature of scientific aims and values
What is the Logic of Scientific Discovery?
300
When two scientists have different cognitive values, this arises
What is conflict/disensus?
300
This philosopher published many works centered around empiricist theory
Who is George Berkeley?
300
When scientists can’t bring values or goals and are imprecise, ambiguous, or both
What is The Charge of Semantic Utopianism?
400
This person claimed that Popper’s method did not offer a theory of rational criticism of consistent conventions
Who is Imre Lakatos?
400
A method of legitimizing concepts that lack direct observation.
What is the Method of Hypothesis?
400
This is the current name of the Method of Hypothesis
What is the hypothetico-deductive model?
400
Comte de Buffon proposed this hypothetical theory
What is the theory of organic molecules?
400
When an agent can give a perfectly clear definition of his goal but cannot demonstrate it
What is Epistemic Utopianism?
500
This German Enlightenment philosopher discussed empirical theory at length
Who is David Hume?
500
A philosophical theory proclaiming that there is no absolute truth, only truth to a particular individual, culture/time or both.
What is radical relativism?
500
DAILY DOUBLE! This term is also used to describe the reticulated model of scientific reasoning/justification
What is the Triadic Network of Justification
500
Benjamin Franklin proposed this hypothetical theory
What is the fluid theory of electricity?
500
Criticism of cognitive goals focused on certain apparent discordances
What are Shared Archtypes?
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