Law in General
Who creates laws?
Governments
What is the role of judges in Continental Law?
They apply laws that the government have made
How do states agree to obey international law?
By being members on international organizations or by entering into treaties
What kind of lawyers are sole practitioners and can't work as partners?
Barristers
What English law document restricted royal interference in parliamentary matters?
Bill of Rights
What are two motives to create laws?
1. social control
2. implementation of justice
How do precedents appear in Common Law?
Governments make new statutes and judges intepret them.
What are main categories of Public Law?
Criminal Law, Constitutional Law and Adminisrative Law
What does "to brief barristers" mean?
To collect legal documents to enable barristers to present case in a court.
What did Roman Emperor produced in 7th century that is popular nowadays in most countries?
Codes
What term describes laws that are created and enacted by a governmental legislature in Common Law?
Statutes
What is the style of legal reasoning in Common Law?
Inductive - reasoning in individual cases leads to general rules
What law is aimed to deter others from doing same things?
Criminal Law
How can a solicitor become a partner?
Firstly, they work as associate and gain experience. Then they may be offered to become a partner in a law firm.
What was the main problem in English courts before 14th century?
There were two different courts. People had to start an action in both of them to seek specific performance and to seek damages.
Which concept is best described as freedoms guaranteed to individuals, such as freedom of speech and religion?
Civil rights
What is the main function of precedent in case law?
To ensure stability in court decisions
What law regulates international trade, taxation, environment protection and manufacturing?
Administrative Law
How can you become a judge in England?
You need to wait to be appointed after several years of experience as a lawyer. You don't need to pass a special exam.
What were two main advantages of Napoleon's Code?
1. It treated all citizens as equals without regard to their ranks.
2. It was clearly written and could be understood by ordinary people.
Why is law considered necessary for the functioning of modern society?
It provides a framework for resolving disputes, maintaining order, and protecting the rights and freedoms of individuals.
What does the principle of "stare decisis" mean?
Courts hold firmly to previous decisions
Public Law concerns disputes between subjects of law. What does "subjects of law" mean?
Citizens and companies
Why is it important for solicitors and barristers to follow professional ethics and standards?
Professional ethics and standards ensure that solicitors and barristers maintain public trust, provide competent representation and uphold justice.
What was the main advantage of Magna Carta execpt monarch's powers limitation?
No citizen could be punished or kept in prison without a fair trial.