Energy Balance
Collin is a middle-aged male. His waist circumference measurement of 45 inches places him at _________risk for chronic, obesity-related diseases.
High
_________ is a building block of vitamin D and other hormones.
Cholesterol
The vitamin that poses the greatest risk for toxicity is
Vit A
Apart from sodium, fluid balance is dependent on
potassium.
Of the following foods, which is the best source of potassium?
Banana
Canned chicken breast
Soy milk
Banana
For an adult female who is 1.63 meters tall and weighs 72 kilograms, the body mass index would equal
27.1 kg/m2kg/m2.
Which two B vitamins are especially important for DNA synthesis in the formation of new red blood cells?
Vitamin B-12 and folate
In 1998, the federal governments in both the United States and Canada mandated the fortification of grain products with _____ to reduce the rate of neural tube defects.
folic acid
Too much _________blank can cause discoloration (mottling) of the teeth.
Flouride
The Adequate Intake (AI) for sodium for adults is _________ milligrams per day.
1500
Orlistat (Xenical®) is a medication approved by the FDA for weight loss that reduces fat
absorption.
What vitamins are mostly stored in the liver and adipose tissue?
Fat-soluble vitamins
A major dietary source of vitamin _________ is fortified dairy products.
D
Which trace mineral is important for the synthesis of thyroid hormones?
Iodine
Low levels of _________, a mineral found especially in plant foods, may be associated with poor cardiovascular health.
magnesium
Of the most common methods of estimating body composition, which is the most accurate?
Dual energy X-ray absorptiometry
In the body, the amino acid tryptophan can be converted into
niacin (B3)
The bioavailability of carotenoids is increased by
cooking
Accumulation of bone mass occurs primarily during childhood and adolescence. Later in life, the rate of bone degradation exceeds the rate of bone synthesis. For average, healthy males and females, gradual bone loss begins around age
30
A disorder that causes increased iron absorption leading to organ toxicity is
hemochromatosis.
The hormone made by adipose tissue that promotes satiety and a sense of fullness, thus reducing appetite, is called
leptin.
Anemia can result from a deficiency of which three vitamins?
vitamin B-6.
folate.
vitamin B-12
Vitamin C contributes to wound healing and bone health by virtue of its role in
collagen synthesis.
A deficiency of _________ results in impaired glucose tolerance and elevated blood cholesterol.
chromium
The DASH diet recommends inclusion of _________servings per day of fruits.
4 to 5