Protective Systems
What are the 4 types of protective systems?
shoring
sloping
shielding
benching
At what depth do most fatalities occur in excavations?
5-15 feet
a ladder is required every ___ feet in an excavation?
25 Feet
20 feet
What type of protective system is not acceptable while working in class C soil?
Benching
Are excavations considered by OSHA to be a confined space?
no, they have exemption. Unless there is a hazardous atmosphere.
an excavation must be taped off with danger tape when____
the excavation is not easily visible while approaching it.
what is the most cohesive soil type?
type A
how high must a box extend over the landing surface?
18 Inches
How much does 1 cubic FOOT of soil weigh?
100-140lbs
How far, at minimum, should the spoil piles be away from the edge of the excavation?
2 feet
how far must the ladder extend over the landing surface?
3 feet
A ladder is required to be in the excavation starting at what depth?
4 feet
What are the 4 soil types?
stable rock
Type A
Type B
Type C
inspections of the excavation must be done how often?
before every shift, or when there have been any changes to the excavation.
if permitted to bench the soil, what is the maximum height of each bench?
4 feet
what is the ratio of sloping class C soil?
1.5/1
1. vibrations
2. freezing and thawing
3. weight of soil
4. water
5. adjacent structures
What are the 4 types of employers on a multi-employer worksite citation?
Controlling, creating, correcting, exposing
what makes an excavation a trench?
it is deeper than it is wide